{"id":9917,"date":"2024-12-01T13:36:36","date_gmt":"2024-12-01T13:36:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/actualites\/la-pandemie-un-moment-de-verite-pour-le-monde\/"},"modified":"2025-10-19T16:04:20","modified_gmt":"2025-10-19T16:04:20","slug":"la-pandemie-un-moment-de-verite-pour-le-monde","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/la-pandemie-un-moment-de-verite-pour-le-monde\/","title":{"rendered":"La pand\u00e9mie : un moment de v\u00e9rit\u00e9 pour le monde"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"9917\" class=\"elementor elementor-9917\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-036a802 e-con-full e-flex wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"036a802\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d1d7910 e-con-full e-flex wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d1d7910\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7c21c9f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7c21c9f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Num\u00e9ro 02 - Postface<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-62d8bc1 elementor-author-box--link-yes ignoretoc elementor-author-box--avatar-yes elementor-author-box--name-yes 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PDF<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2724b9e e-con-full e-flex wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2724b9e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f03e25c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f03e25c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"\/?issues=Africa%20and%20the%20World%20in%20Viral%20Time%20\">02.2022<br>L\u2019Afrique et le monde \u00e0 l\u2019heure virale<\/a><\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b2b07a4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b2b07a4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Publi\u00e9 le : 16 d\u00e9cembre 2022<br><\/strong><strong>ISSN: 3020-0458<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-38d84bf elementor-align-center elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-hidden-mobile elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"38d84bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Global-Africa-Issue-02-Africa-and-the-World-in-Viral-Time.pdf\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">T\u00c9L\u00c9CHARGER LE NUM\u00c9RO PDF<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b5db791 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"b5db791\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/GA-Issue-07-1.jpg\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1240\" height=\"1754\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Global-Africa-Issue-02-African-knowlewdge-against-the-pandemic.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-1045\" alt=\"CERFIG an African Health Research of Excellence\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Global-Africa-Issue-02-African-knowlewdge-against-the-pandemic.jpg 1240w, https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Global-Africa-Issue-02-African-knowlewdge-against-the-pandemic-212x300.jpg 212w, https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Global-Africa-Issue-02-African-knowlewdge-against-the-pandemic-724x1024.jpg 724w, https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Global-Africa-Issue-02-African-knowlewdge-against-the-pandemic-768x1086.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Global-Africa-Issue-02-African-knowlewdge-against-the-pandemic-1086x1536.jpg 1086w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1240px) 100vw, 1240px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ae2d51c e-con-full e-flex wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"ae2d51c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c8215e e-con-full e-flex wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3c8215e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fa2f8e7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-eael-adv-tabs\" data-id=\"fa2f8e7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"eael-adv-tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t        <div data-scroll-on-click=\"no\" data-scroll-speed=\"300\" id=\"eael-advance-tabs-fa2f8e7\" class=\"eael-advance-tabs eael-tabs-horizontal eael-tab-auto-active  responsive-vertical-layout\" data-tabid=\"fa2f8e7\">\n            <div class=\"eael-tabs-nav \">\n                <ul class=\"eael-tab-inline-icon\" role=\"tablist\">\n                                            <li id=\"abstract\" class=\"active-default eael-tab-item-trigger eael-tab-nav-item\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"abstract-tab\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n                            \n                                                                <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg\" alt=\"\">\n                                                            \n                                                            <span class=\"eael-tab-title title-after-icon\" >Abstract<\/span>                            \n                                                    <\/li>\n                                            <li id=\"rsum\" class=\"inactive eael-tab-item-trigger eael-tab-nav-item\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"rsum-tab\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n                            \n                                                                <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Flag_of_France.svg\" alt=\"\">\n                                                            \n                                                            <span class=\"eael-tab-title title-after-icon\" >R\u00e9sum\u00e9<\/span>                            \n                                                    <\/li>\n                                            <li id=\"muhtasari\" class=\"inactive eael-tab-item-trigger eael-tab-nav-item\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"muhtasari-tab\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n                            \n                                                                <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Flag_of_Kenya.svg\" alt=\"\">\n                                                            \n                                                            <span class=\"eael-tab-title title-after-icon\" >Muhtasari<\/span>                            \n                                                    <\/li>\n                                            <li id=\"\" class=\"inactive eael-tab-item-trigger eael-tab-nav-item\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"-tab\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n                            \n                                                                <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"900\" height=\"600\" viewBox=\"0 0 900 600\"><path id=\"green\" d=\"m0 600h900v-600h-900z\" fill=\"#005430\" stroke-width=\".375\"><\/path><g id=\"white\" transform=\"scale(.375)\"><g id=\"shahada\"><g transform=\"matrix(7.3042,0,0,-6.7531,1800,635.53)\"><path d=\"m0 0c-0.023 4.162-1.516 15.373-1.895 19.134-0.378 3.761-0.759 7.173-0.667 7.972 0.09 0.771 1.187-1.072 1.767-1.221 0.3 0.065 0.166 1.229-0.379 2.223-0.369 0.675-1.627 3.199-2.39 4.678-0.359 0.7-0.439 1.106-0.612 1.192-0.172 0.086-1.561-2.945-1.409-3.281 0.379-0.616 0.639-0.91 0.698-1.998 0.06-1.088 0.58-8.856 1.243-14.744 0.499-4.442 1.594-14.012 1.633-19.962 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25.985l680.71-0.4178c-7.7852 5.6044-11.868 13.788-10.769 22.066 0.8064 6.0585 7.6533 10.374 15.307 9.6263 7.6459-0.7472 13.195-6.2637 12.396-12.33l-0.3079-2.3223h40.004c0.7037 3.9048 4.6037 6.9011 9.354 6.9011s8.6502-2.9963 9.3613-6.9011h40.693v-0.095c8.4963 6.0294 19.294 9.4946 30.716 9.4946 10.747 0 19.456-7.4652 19.456-16.681v-4.8205c0-16.842-15.922-30.506-35.569-30.506\" fill=\"#fff\"><\/path><\/g><\/svg>                                                            \n                                                            <span class=\"eael-tab-title title-after-icon\" >\u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635<\/span>                            \n                                                    <\/li>\n                    \n                                  <\/ul>\n            <\/div>\n            \n            <div class=\"eael-tabs-content\">\n\t\t        \n                    <div id=\"abstract-tab\" class=\"clearfix eael-tab-content-item active-default\" data-title-link=\"abstract-tab\">\n\t\t\t\t        <p>\/\/\/<\/p>\n                    <\/div>\n\t\t        \n                    <div id=\"rsum-tab\" class=\"clearfix eael-tab-content-item inactive\" data-title-link=\"rsum-tab\">\n\t\t\t\t        <p>\/\/\/<\/p>\n                    <\/div>\n\t\t        \n                    <div id=\"muhtasari-tab\" class=\"clearfix eael-tab-content-item inactive\" data-title-link=\"muhtasari-tab\">\n\t\t\t\t        <p>\/\/\/\n <\/p>\n                    <\/div>\n\t\t        \n                    <div id=\"-tab\" class=\"clearfix eael-tab-content-item inactive\" data-title-link=\"-tab\">\n\t\t\t\t        <p>\/\/\/<\/p>\n                    <\/div>\n\t\t                    <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff89d56 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ff89d56\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>La pande\u0301mie de Covid-19 n\u2019a pas seulement e\u0301te\u0301 un phe\u0301nome\u0300ne e\u0301pide\u0301miologique d\u2019ampleur conside\u0301rable a\u0300 travers la plane\u0300te. Elle n\u2019a pas e\u0301te\u0301 uniquement un fait social global marque\u0301 par <br \/>des suspensions temporaires d\u2019activite\u0301s humaines et de liberte\u0301s fondamentales. Elle a aussi e\u0301te\u0301 un moment de ve\u0301rite\u0301 pour le monde (Fassin, 2021). Ce moment de ve\u0301rite\u0301 s\u2019est manifeste\u0301 d\u2019au moins deux fac\u0327ons, qui prennent un sens particulier pour le continent africain.<\/p><p>Premi\u00e8rement, il y a eu la focalisation de toute l\u2019attention m\u00e9diatique et m\u00eame, plus largement, de toute l\u2019attention mentale du public sur un seul ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne : l\u2019expansion de la maladie, avec la comptabilit\u00e9 de ses nouveaux cas, de ses patients hospitalis\u00e9s en soins intensifs, et de ses d\u00e9c\u00e8s, ou du moins d\u2019une partie d\u2019entre eux, puisque que les personnes \u00e2g\u00e9es en institution ont initialement \u00e9t\u00e9 oubli\u00e9es et leurs morts occult\u00e9es. La soci\u00e9t\u00e9 vivait au rythme des chiffres, des graphiques, des projections, qui ne servaient pas seulement \u00e0 d\u00e9crire l\u2019\u00e9volution du fl\u00e9au, mais aussi \u00e0 prescrire les r\u00e9ponses, comme si la science pouvait d\u00e9terminer la politique, alors m\u00eame que les pr\u00e9dictions statistiques variaient manifestement d\u2019un institut de recherche \u00e0 un autre : en fait, c\u2019\u00e9tait souvent la politique qui choisissait la science qui lui convenait. Le public s\u2019\u00e9tonnait du ton martial de certains chefs d\u2019\u00c9tat, s\u2019inqui\u00e9tait des annonces gouvernementales, s\u2019indignait des restrictions \u00e0 son droit de circuler, s\u2019enthousiasmait du d\u00e9vouement des professionnels de sant\u00e9. Les m\u00e9dias multipliaient les reportages dans les services de r\u00e9animation des h\u00f4pitaux, les journalistes racontaient des drames familiaux les larmes aux yeux, les gens confiaient \u00e0 la radio, \u00e0 la t\u00e9l\u00e9vision ou sur les r\u00e9seaux sociaux leur exp\u00e9rience du confinement. Il n\u2019\u00e9tait gu\u00e8re question que de soi, un soi national ou un soi individuel. La pand\u00e9mie avait absorb\u00e9 presque enti\u00e8rement l\u2019\u00e9conomie de l\u2019attention.<\/p><p>Ce ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne n\u2019\u00e9tait toutefois pas uniforme. Il \u00e9tait \u00e0 la fois exclusif et s\u00e9lectif. Il \u00e9tait exclusif, au sens o\u00f9 il rel\u00e9guait au second plan tous les autres probl\u00e8mes du monde. Des bombardements massifs par les avions russes des villes oppos\u00e9es au r\u00e9gime de Bachar el-Assad, des cons\u00e9quences tragiques de la guerre men\u00e9e par l\u2019Arabie saoudite au Y\u00e9men, de la progression des talibans en Afghanistan \u00e0 mesure du retrait des troupes \u00e9tats-uniennes, de la d\u00e9tresse des Rohingyas au Bangladesh, de l\u2019ins\u00e9curit\u00e9 chronique en Ha\u00efti, de la famine au Sud-Soudan, des exil\u00e9s africains se noyant dans la M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e, il n\u2019\u00e9tait plus question. Du continent africain, on ne voulait plus rien savoir du paludisme ou de la tuberculose. Mais l\u2019attraction exerc\u00e9e par la pand\u00e9mie \u00e9tait aussi s\u00e9lective, au sens o\u00f9 l\u2019int\u00e9r\u00eat des m\u00e9dias et la fascination du public concernaient avant tout les pays occidentaux, ainsi que quelques grandes nations au premier rang desquelles la Chine avec sa politique draconienne de confinement radical de r\u00e9gions enti\u00e8res. On n\u2019entendait gu\u00e8re parler de l\u2019Afrique dans les organes de presse internationaux, sauf pour, dans un premier temps, pr\u00e9dire une catastrophe au regard de l\u2019imp\u00e9ritie des autorit\u00e9s et de l\u2019indiscipline de la population, puis, dans un second temps, chercher les explications de la non-survenue du d\u00e9sastre annonc\u00e9. Entre ignorance et m\u00e9connaissance, le fl\u00e9au, dont on ne savait gu\u00e8re s\u2019il avait \u00e9pargn\u00e9 le continent ou si sa gravit\u00e9 avait \u00e9t\u00e9 sous-estim\u00e9e, s\u2019inscrivait dans la longue histoire des repr\u00e9sentations de la sant\u00e9 publique en Afrique.<\/p><p>Deuxi\u00e8mement, il y a eu la justification de la r\u00e9ponse \u00e0 la pand\u00e9mie qui n\u2019a probablement pas de pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9chelle de la plan\u00e8te : interrompre les activit\u00e9s \u00e9conomiques, interdire les rassemblements et les d\u00e9placements, et priver les citoyens de leurs droits \u00e9l\u00e9mentaires, y compris celui de visiter leurs malades et d\u2019honorer leurs morts, tout ce bouleversement de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 n\u2019avait qu\u2019une raison d\u2019\u00eatre : prot\u00e9ger les populations et sauver des vies. Si c\u2019est bien s\u00fbr la mission qu\u2019on attend de la sant\u00e9 publique, c\u2019\u00e9tait probablement la premi\u00e8re fois qu\u2019elle se trouvait pr\u00e9valoir sur toutes les autres r\u00e9alit\u00e9s. Dans un monde o\u00f9 le capitalisme et le n\u00e9olib\u00e9ralisme \u00e9taient triomphants, on arr\u00eatait pourtant la machine productive et on valorisait m\u00eame les biens publics. Du moins le faisait-on gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 de massifs apports financiers pour soutenir les entreprises en difficult\u00e9 et limiter les cons\u00e9quences sur l\u2019emploi dans les pays disposant des moyens de le faire, m\u00eame dans ceux qui, tels les \u00c9tats-Unis, avaient jusqu\u2019alors d\u00e9fendu les lois du march\u00e9 et d\u00e9nonc\u00e9 les interventions de l\u2019\u00c9tat. La vie \u00e9tait devenue une valeur supr\u00eame, celle pour laquelle on \u00e9tait pr\u00eat \u00e0 sacrifier aussi bien les principes de la libert\u00e9 \u00e9conomique que ceux du lib\u00e9ralisme politique. La pand\u00e9mie marquait l\u2019av\u00e8nement de la biol\u00e9gitimit\u00e9, c\u2019est-\u00e0-dire de la reconnaissance de la vie comme bien le plus pr\u00e9cieux. On mesure la r\u00e9volution morale qui \u00e9tait \u00e0 l\u2019\u0153uvre quand on pense \u00e0 la mani\u00e8re dont, il n\u2019y a pas si longtemps, dans les deux guerres mondiales, on envoyait des millions de soldats au combat et on n\u2019h\u00e9sitait pas \u00e0 exposer au danger les civils de son propre pays. Encore s\u2019agissait-il d\u00e9sormais de prot\u00e9ger les siens en fermant les yeux sur les morts provoqu\u00e9es chez l\u2019ennemi en Afghanistan comme en Irak. Cependant, m\u00eame face \u00e0 la pand\u00e9mie, l\u2019av\u00e8nement de la biol\u00e9gitimit\u00e9 avait ses limites.<\/p><p>La re\u0301volution morale qui faisait de la vie un bien supre\u0302me justifiant les mesures les plus radicales avait en effet deux se\u0301rieux revers. Premier revers : elle e\u0301tait marque\u0301e par de profondes disparite\u0301s. S\u2019il est un fait que la pande\u0301mie a re\u0301ve\u0301le\u0301 pour une grande partie de la population, ce sont les ine\u0301galite\u0301s devant la maladie, la me\u0301decine et la mort. Certes, elles lui pre\u0301existaient : en France, les 5 % les plus modestes vivaient en moyenne 13 ans de moins que les 5 % les plus riches, et aux E\u0301tats-Unis, entre les hommes noirs ayant interrompu leur scolarite\u0301 et les hommes blancs ayant un diplo\u0302me universitaire, l\u2019e\u0301cart d\u2019espe\u0301rance de vie a\u0300 la naissance e\u0301tait de 15 ans. Personne ne semblait pourtant s\u2019inte\u0301resser a\u0300 ce qui aurait du\u0302 conduire a\u0300 des re\u0301ponses politiques majeures. Mais en raison de l\u2019attention dont a be\u0301ne\u0301ficie\u0301 la pande\u0301mie, l\u2019e\u0301vidence des ine\u0301galite\u0301s est devenue e\u0301clatante. En France, la mortalite\u0301 dans les villes pauvres e\u0301tait jusqu\u2019a\u0300 trois fois supe\u0301rieure a\u0300 la moyenne nationale, et aux E\u0301tats-Unis, le taux de de\u0301ce\u0300s des personnes noires ou ame\u0301rindiennes e\u0301tait le triple de celui des personnes blanches. Autrement dit, ces ine\u0301galite\u0301s ont une double composante : socio-e\u0301conomique et ethnoraciale. Comme une se\u0301rie d\u2019enque\u0302tes le montraient, ces disparite\u0301s s\u2019exprimaient dans la pre\u0301valence des facteurs de risque, dans le recours a\u0300 la me\u0301decine, dans la qualite\u0301 des soins, et in fine, dans la probabilite\u0301 de mourir. Second revers : la solidarite\u0301 internationale a tre\u0300s souvent e\u0301te\u0301 prise en de\u0301faut. Les frontie\u0300res se sont ferme\u0301es, les aides se sont rare\u0301fie\u0301es, les rivalite\u0301s se sont intensifie\u0301es. Le gouvernement e\u0301tats-unien a annonce\u0301 qu\u2019il se donnerait a\u0300 lui-me\u0302me la priorite\u0301 dans la distribution des vaccins puisque sa contribution a\u0300 la recherche avait e\u0301te\u0301 la plus importante. Les E\u0301tats de ce pays se sont livre\u0301 une concurrence farouche dans l\u2019acce\u0300s aux ventilateurs pour leurs services de re\u0301animation. On pourrait multiplier les exemples de ce de\u0301faut de solidarite\u0301. L\u2019Union europe\u0301enne a cependant fait exception dans la mesure ou\u0300 des transferts de malades en situation critique ont pu se faire entre les pays et les commandes de vaccins ont e\u0301te\u0301 groupe\u0301es avec une redistribution en fonction de la de\u0301mographie de chacun. Mais c\u2019est l\u2019Afrique qui a e\u0301te\u0301 la principale victime de ces e\u0301goi\u0308smes nationaux. En septembre 2001, un an et demi apre\u0300s le de\u0301but de la pande\u0301mie et neuf mois apre\u0300s le de\u0301but des immunisations, le continent n\u2019avait rec\u0327u que 2 % des 6 milliards de doses distribue\u0301es dans le monde, alors qu\u2019il compte 18 % de la population mondiale.<\/p><p>Deux faits majeurs, donc : la concentration de l\u2019attention autour de la pande\u0301mie, mais sur un mode exclusif et se\u0301lectif ; la reconnaissance de la valeur supe\u0301rieure de la vie humaine, mais avec de profondes ine\u0301galite\u0301s et de graves de\u0301ficits de solidarite\u0301. Ces deux faits ont particulie\u0300rement touche\u0301 l\u2019Afrique. Pourtant, le continent a semble\u0301 moins affecte\u0301 qu\u2019on aurait pu l\u2019imaginer. Il existe certes une sous-de\u0301claration des de\u0301ce\u0300s et plus encore des infections, laquelle varie cependant beaucoup selon les pays. Un mode\u0300le mathe\u0301matique re\u0301alise\u0301 par une e\u0301quipe du bureau africain de l\u2019Organisation mondiale de la sante\u0301 e\u0301tablit qu\u2019en 2020 et 2021, le nombre de cas dans 47 pays du continent aurait e\u0301te\u0301 de 505 millions, dont seulement 1,4 % avait effectivement e\u0301te\u0301 notifie\u0301, avec un nombre de de\u0301ce\u0300s s\u2019e\u0301levant a\u0300 440 000, dont 35,3 % notifie\u0301s (Cabore et al., 2002). Le taux de le\u0301talite\u0301 serait, selon cette e\u0301tude, de 0,87 \u2030. Par comparaison, selon les donne\u0301es de l\u2019universite\u0301 Johns Hopkins, ce taux est de 11 \u2030 aux E\u0301tats-Unis, soit pre\u0300s de 13 fois plus. On a parfois critique\u0301 ces chiffres en les conside\u0301rant eux aussi sous-estime\u0301s. En utilisant une me\u0301thode plus directe, qui consiste a\u0300 calculer l\u2019exce\u0300s de mortalite\u0301 par rapport a\u0300 la mortalite\u0301 attendue au regard des anne\u0301es pre\u0301ce\u0301dentes, exce\u0300s qu\u2019on attribue a\u0300 la pande\u0301mie, une autre e\u0301quipe met en e\u0301vidence sur 117 pays une surmortalite\u0301 de 101 pour 100 000 en Afrique subsaharienne, soit significativement moins que les 140 de l\u2019Europe de l\u2019Ouest, les 167 de l\u2019Ame\u0301rique du Nord et les 345 de l\u2019Europe de l\u2019Est, pour se limiter a\u0300 ces trois re\u0301gions du monde tre\u0300s contraste\u0301es (Covid-19 Excess Mortality Collaborators, 2022). Mais, fait remarquable, il existe une tre\u0300s grande disparite\u0301 au niveau du continent, avec des extre\u0302mes de 53 pour 100 000 en Afrique de l\u2019Ouest contre 308 en Afrique australe, soit pre\u0300s de 6 fois plus. En somme, le continent, dans son ensemble, semble bien e\u0302tre moins affecte\u0301 que tous les autres, a\u0300 l\u2019exception de l\u2019Oce\u0301anie, mais on ne peut ge\u0301ne\u0301raliser le constat a\u0300 tous les pays, et il faut certainement se montrer beaucoup plus spe\u0301cifique dans les commentaires qu\u2019on peut faire sur la situation e\u0301pide\u0301miologique, pays par pays, ou tout au moins sous-re\u0301gion par sous-re\u0301gion. Pour rendre compte du choc e\u0301pide\u0301miologique relativement moindre en Afrique \u2013 a\u0300 l\u2019exception, il faut y insister, de sa partie australe \u2013 et ce, alors me\u0302me que les mesures de pre\u0301vention paraissaient plus difficiles a\u0300 mettre en \u0153uvre, que le syste\u0300me de sante\u0301 e\u0301tait moins adapte\u0301 aux ne\u0301cessite\u0301s de la re\u0301animation et que les vaccins n\u2019e\u0301taient pratiquement pas disponibles, on a beaucoup, et certainement a\u0300 juste titre, insiste\u0301 sur la jeunesse de la population du continent : la le\u0301talite\u0301 de l\u2019infection est en effet chez les 18-29 ans 60 fois plus faible que chez les 65-74 ans et 140 fois plus faible que chez les 75-84 ans.\u00a0<\/p><p>D\u2019autres e\u0301le\u0301ments ont pu jouer, mais il faut bien reconnai\u0302tre que subsiste une part significative d\u2019incertitude. Mais, a\u0300 l\u2019inverse, on ne peut sous-estimer les conse\u0301quences ne\u0301gatives de l\u2019application de mesures contraignantes trop vite adopte\u0301es par reproduction des recettes utilise\u0301es dans les nations industrialise\u0301es. Cependant, alors que dans ces derniers, les conse\u0301quences du confinement et de l\u2019inactivite\u0301 pouvaient e\u0302tre partiellement compense\u0301es par des interventions financie\u0300res de l\u2019E\u0301tat au prix d\u2019une aggravation de la dette publique, une telle re\u0301ponse e\u0301tait impossible dans des pays de\u0301ja\u0300 lourdement endette\u0301s pour lesquels les organismes internationaux et les pays riches se montraient peu enclins a\u0300 des alle\u0301gements de dettes. Pour les populations, la pand\u00e9mie est alors devenue une double peine : d\u2019un c\u00f4t\u00e9, le risque de la maladie sans les ressources sanitaires n\u00e9cessaires, et de l\u2019autre, la perte de revenus par impossibilit\u00e9 d\u2019exercice des petits m\u00e9tiers. Dans certains cas, les protestations sont venues r\u00e9v\u00e9ler les formes de survie auxquels beaucoup se trouvaient r\u00e9duits.\u00a0<\/p><p>Rendre compte de ce qui s\u2019est jou\u00e9 et se joue encore en Afrique autour de la pand\u00e9mie de Covid-19, c\u2019est ce \u00e0 quoi se sont attel\u00e9s les autrices et les auteurs de ce num\u00e9ro de Global Africa \u00e0 travers des articles scientifiques, des entretiens avec des personnalit\u00e9s \u00e9minentes, et m\u00eame des performances artistiques. S\u2019il n\u2019\u00e9tait nullement question pour eux d\u2019\u00eatre exhaustifs, leurs contributions \u00e0 ce dossier, qui nous transportent de C\u00f4te d\u2019ivoire au Burkina Faso, de la r\u00e9publique de Guin\u00e9e \u00e0 la R\u00e9publique d\u00e9mocratique du Congo, et du S\u00e9n\u00e9gal en Tunisie, nous \u00e9clairent sur le r\u00f4le du climat dans la pand\u00e9mie et le regard des commer\u00e7ants sur les march\u00e9s, les al\u00e9as de la pr\u00e9vention et les \u00e9checs de la gouvernance, les it\u00e9rations historiques de l\u2019hygi\u00e9nisme et le futur inqui\u00e9tant de l\u2019anthropoc\u00e8ne. L\u2019introduction fournit un cadre th\u00e9orique remarquable \u00e0 l\u2019ensemble. Un puzzle se dessine ainsi, qui rendra ce dossier incontournable pour qui s\u2019attache \u00e0 comprendre les multiples dimensions de la pand\u00e9mie de Covid-19 sur le sol africain.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2d9184d e-con-full e-flex wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2d9184d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a7fd8c3 ignoretoc elementor-hidden-mobile elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a7fd8c3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">L'auteur<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-38b0172 ignoretoc elementor-hidden-mobile elementor-widget elementor-widget-link-in-bio\" data-id=\"38b0172\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"link-in-bio.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-link-in-bio e-link-in-bio\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"e-link-in-bio__content\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-link-in-bio__identity\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-link-in-bio__identity-image e-link-in-bio__identity-image-profile has-style-circle\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"198\" height=\"264\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Didier-Fassin-.png\" class=\"e-link-in-bio__identity-image-element\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-link-in-bio__bio\">\n\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"e-link-in-bio__heading\">Didier Fassin<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"e-link-in-bio__title\">Professeur au Coll\u00e8ge de France, chaire Questions morales et enjeux politiques dans les soci\u00e9t\u00e9s contemporaines \n\n<\/h3>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"e-link-in-bio__description\">Professeur \u00e0 l\u2019Institute for Advanced Study de Princeton\n\n<\/p>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-link-in-bio__icons has-size-small\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-link-in-bio__icon is-size-small\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a aria-label=\"Email\" class=\"e-link-in-bio__icon-link\" href=\"mailto:didier.fassin@college-de-france.fr?subject=Contact%20from%20GA%20Bio\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-link-in-bio__icon-svg\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-envelope\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"e-link-in-bio__ctas has-type-button\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"\/author\/mame-Didier-Fassin\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener \" class=\"e-link-in-bio__cta is-type-button has-corners-rounded\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-link-in-bio__cta-text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tVoir le profil complet\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"e-link-in-bio__bg\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-link-in-bio__bg-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ca44f9b ignoretoc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ca44f9b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u00c9galement dans ce num\u00e9ro<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-08ab0bf elementor-grid-1 elementor-grid-tablet-1 elementor-grid-mobile-1 elementor-posts--thumbnail-top elementor-posts--show-avatar elementor-card-shadow-yes elementor-posts__hover-gradient elementor-widget elementor-widget-posts\" data-id=\"08ab0bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;posts_cards_pp_authors_columns&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;posts_cards_pp_authors_row_gap&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:27,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;posts_cards_pp_authors_columns_tablet&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;posts_cards_pp_authors_columns_mobile&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;posts_cards_pp_authors_row_gap_laptop&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;posts_cards_pp_authors_row_gap_tablet_extra&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;posts_cards_pp_authors_row_gap_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;posts_cards_pp_authors_row_gap_mobile_extra&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;posts_cards_pp_authors_row_gap_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"posts.posts_cards_pp_authors\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-posts-container elementor-posts elementor-posts--skin-posts_cards_pp_authors elementor-grid\" role=\"list\">\n\t\t\t\t<article class=\"elementor-post elementor-grid-item post-15271 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-revue author-global-africa\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__card\">\n\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail__link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/numero-10-global-africa-savoirs-protecteurs-savoir-proteger\/\" tabindex=\"-1\" target=\"_blank\"><div class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"1200\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Issue-10-\u2013-Global-AfricaProtective-Knowledges-The-Wisdom-to-Protect-.webp\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-15268\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div><\/a>\n\t\t        <div class=\"elementor-post__avatar\">\n            <img alt='' src='https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Global-Africa.jpg' srcset='https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Global-Africa.jpg' class='multiple_authors_guest_author_avatar avatar' height='128' width='128'\/>        <\/div>\n        \t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__text\">\n\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-post__title\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/numero-10-global-africa-savoirs-protecteurs-savoir-proteger\/\" target=&quot;_blank&quot;>\n\t\t\t\tNum\u00e9ro 10 \u2013 Global Africa\u00ab Savoirs protecteurs, savoir prot\u00e9ger \u00bb\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/h4>\n\t\t\n\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/numero-10-global-africa-savoirs-protecteurs-savoir-proteger\/\" aria-label=\"En savoir plus sur Num\u00e9ro 10 \u2013 Global Africa\u00ab Savoirs protecteurs, savoir prot\u00e9ger \u00bb\" tabindex=\"-1\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\tRead More \u00bb\t\t<\/a>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__meta-data\">\n\t\t\t        <span class=\"elementor-post-author\">\n\t\t\tGlobal Africa\t\t<\/span>\n        \t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t<article class=\"elementor-post elementor-grid-item post-15509 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-analyses-critiques author-karine-collette-fr author-ibrahima-ba-fr\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__card\">\n\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail__link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/terre-mere-trace-discursive-dune-emancipation-ecologique-au-nord-et-au-sud\/\" tabindex=\"-1\" target=\"_blank\"><div class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"527\" height=\"752\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Capture-decran-2025-06-27-a-19.19.41.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-14990\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Capture-decran-2025-06-27-a-19.19.41.png 527w, https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Capture-decran-2025-06-27-a-19.19.41-210x300.png 210w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 527px) 100vw, 527px\" \/><\/div><\/a>\n\t\t        <div class=\"elementor-post__avatar\">\n            <img alt='' src='https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Global-Africa.jpg' srcset='https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Global-Africa.jpg' class='multiple_authors_guest_author_avatar avatar' height='128' width='128'\/><img alt='' src='https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Global-Africa.jpg' srcset='https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Global-Africa.jpg' class='multiple_authors_guest_author_avatar avatar' height='128' width='128'\/>        <\/div>\n        \t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__text\">\n\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-post__title\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/terre-mere-trace-discursive-dune-emancipation-ecologique-au-nord-et-au-sud\/\" target=&quot;_blank&quot;>\n\t\t\t\tTerre-M\u00e8re : trace discursive d\u2019une \u00e9mancipation \u00e9cologique au Nord et au Sud ?\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/h4>\n\t\t\n\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/terre-mere-trace-discursive-dune-emancipation-ecologique-au-nord-et-au-sud\/\" aria-label=\"En savoir plus sur Terre-M\u00e8re : trace discursive d\u2019une \u00e9mancipation \u00e9cologique au Nord et au Sud ?\" tabindex=\"-1\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\tRead More \u00bb\t\t<\/a>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__meta-data\">\n\t\t\t        <span class=\"elementor-post-author\">\n\t\t\tKarine Collette, Ibrahima Ba\t\t<\/span>\n        \t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t<article class=\"elementor-post elementor-grid-item post-15517 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-champ author-cheikh-sadibou-sakho-fr author-masengesho-kamuzinzi-fr\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__card\">\n\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail__link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/we-heal-together-un-savoir-protecteur-par-excellence-qui-sinspire-de-lheritage-africain-ou-les-responsabilites-envers-soi-et-envers-autrui-sont-indissociables\/\" tabindex=\"-1\" target=\"_blank\"><div class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"527\" height=\"752\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Capture-decran-2025-06-27-a-19.18.04.webp\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-14982\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div><\/a>\n\t\t        <div class=\"elementor-post__avatar\">\n            <img alt='' src='https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Cheikh-Sadibou-Sakho-.webp' srcset='https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Cheikh-Sadibou-Sakho-.webp' class='multiple_authors_guest_author_avatar avatar' height='128' width='128'\/><img alt='' src='https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Global-Africa.jpg' srcset='https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Global-Africa.jpg' class='multiple_authors_guest_author_avatar avatar' height='128' width='128'\/>        <\/div>\n        \t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__text\">\n\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-post__title\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/we-heal-together-un-savoir-protecteur-par-excellence-qui-sinspire-de-lheritage-africain-ou-les-responsabilites-envers-soi-et-envers-autrui-sont-indissociables\/\" target=&quot;_blank&quot;>\n\t\t\t\t\u00ab We Heal Together \u00bb, un savoir protecteur par excellence qui s\u2019inspire de l\u2019h\u00e9ritage africain, o\u00f9 les responsabilit\u00e9s envers soi et envers autrui sont indissociables\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/h4>\n\t\t\n\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/we-heal-together-un-savoir-protecteur-par-excellence-qui-sinspire-de-lheritage-africain-ou-les-responsabilites-envers-soi-et-envers-autrui-sont-indissociables\/\" aria-label=\"En savoir plus sur \u00ab We Heal Together \u00bb, un savoir protecteur par excellence qui s\u2019inspire de l\u2019h\u00e9ritage africain, o\u00f9 les responsabilit\u00e9s envers soi et envers autrui sont indissociables\" tabindex=\"-1\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\tRead More \u00bb\t\t<\/a>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__meta-data\">\n\t\t\t        <span class=\"elementor-post-author\">\n\t\t\tCheikh Sadibou Sakho, Masengesho Kamuzinzi\t\t<\/span>\n        \t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t<article class=\"elementor-post elementor-grid-item post-15523 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-analyses-critiques author-cheikh-sadibou-sakho-fr author-ndeye-laity-ndiaye-fr\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__card\">\n\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail__link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/it-takes-a-village-reinventer-la-mise-a-labri-des-survivantes-de-violences-sexuelles-au-senegalpistes-a-partir-de-lexperience-du-centre-kullimaaroo-de-ziguinchor\/\" tabindex=\"-1\" target=\"_blank\"><div class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"527\" height=\"752\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Capture-decran-2025-06-27-a-19.17.22.webp\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-14992\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div><\/a>\n\t\t        <div class=\"elementor-post__avatar\">\n            <img alt='' src='https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Cheikh-Sadibou-Sakho-.webp' srcset='https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Cheikh-Sadibou-Sakho-.webp' class='multiple_authors_guest_author_avatar avatar' height='128' width='128'\/><img alt='' src='https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Global-Africa.jpg' srcset='https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Global-Africa.jpg' class='multiple_authors_guest_author_avatar avatar' height='128' width='128'\/>        <\/div>\n        \t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__text\">\n\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-post__title\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/it-takes-a-village-reinventer-la-mise-a-labri-des-survivantes-de-violences-sexuelles-au-senegalpistes-a-partir-de-lexperience-du-centre-kullimaaroo-de-ziguinchor\/\" target=&quot;_blank&quot;>\n\t\t\t\tIt Takes a Village! (R\u00e9)inventer la mise \u00e0 l\u2019abri des survivantes de violences sexuelles au S\u00e9n\u00e9gal<br>Pistes \u00e0 partir de l\u2019exp\u00e9rience du centre Kullimaaroo de Ziguinchor\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/h4>\n\t\t\n\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/it-takes-a-village-reinventer-la-mise-a-labri-des-survivantes-de-violences-sexuelles-au-senegalpistes-a-partir-de-lexperience-du-centre-kullimaaroo-de-ziguinchor\/\" aria-label=\"En savoir plus sur It Takes a Village! (R\u00e9)inventer la mise \u00e0 l\u2019abri des survivantes de violences sexuelles au S\u00e9n\u00e9gal&lt;br&gt;Pistes \u00e0 partir de l\u2019exp\u00e9rience du centre Kullimaaroo de Ziguinchor\" tabindex=\"-1\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\tRead More \u00bb\t\t<\/a>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__meta-data\">\n\t\t\t        <span class=\"elementor-post-author\">\n\t\t\tCheikh Sadibou Sakho, Nd\u00e8ye La\u00efty Ndiaye\t\t<\/span>\n        \t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e590199 e-con-full e-flex wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"e590199\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3dd1381 elementor-widget elementor-widget-eael-adv-tabs\" data-id=\"3dd1381\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"eael-adv-tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t        <div data-scroll-on-click=\"no\" data-scroll-speed=\"300\" id=\"eael-advance-tabs-3dd1381\" class=\"eael-advance-tabs eael-tabs-horizontal eael-tab-auto-active  responsive-vertical-layout\" data-tabid=\"3dd1381\">\n            <div class=\"eael-tabs-nav \">\n                <ul class=\"eael-tab-inline-icon\" role=\"tablist\">\n                                            <li id=\"pour-citer-larticle-\" class=\"active-default eael-tab-item-trigger eael-tab-nav-item\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"pour-citer-larticle--tab\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n                            \n                                                                <i class=\"fas fa-quote-left\"><\/i>                                                            \n                                                            <span class=\"eael-tab-title title-after-icon\" >Pour citer l&rsquo;article :<\/span>                            \n                                                    <\/li>\n                                            <li id=\"notes\" class=\"inactive eael-tab-item-trigger eael-tab-nav-item\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"notes-tab\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n                            \n                                                                <i class=\"fas fa-notes-medical\"><\/i>                                                            \n                                                            <span class=\"eael-tab-title title-after-icon\" >Notes<\/span>                            \n                                                    <\/li>\n                                            <li id=\"bibliographie\" class=\"inactive eael-tab-item-trigger eael-tab-nav-item\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"bibliographie-tab\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n                            \n                                                                <i class=\"fas fa-book\"><\/i>                                                            \n                                                            <span class=\"eael-tab-title title-after-icon\" >Bibliographie<\/span>                            \n                                                    <\/li>\n                    \n                                  <\/ul>\n            <\/div>\n            \n            <div class=\"eael-tabs-content\">\n\t\t        \n                    <div id=\"pour-citer-larticle--tab\" class=\"clearfix eael-tab-content-item active-default\" data-title-link=\"pour-citer-larticle--tab\">\n\t\t\t\t        <h5>APA<\/h5><p>Fassin, D. (2022). La pand\u00e9mie : un moment de v\u00e9rit\u00e9 pour le monde. Global Africa, 2, pp. 263-266. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.57832\/sqpy-np94 <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.57832\/fdfn-yh57\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.57832\/fdfn-yh57<\/a><\/p><h5>MLA<\/h5><p>Fassin, Didier. \u00ab La pand\u00e9mie : un moment de v\u00e9rit\u00e9 pour le monde. Global Africa \u00bb, no. 2, 2022, p. 263-266. doi.org\/10.57832\/sqpy-np94<\/p><h5>DOI<\/h5><p><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.57832\/fdfn-yh57\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.57832\/fdfn-yh57<\/a><\/p><p>\u00a9 2022 by author(s). This work is openly licensed via CC BY-NC 4.0<\/p>                    <\/div>\n\t\t        \n                    <div id=\"notes-tab\" class=\"clearfix eael-tab-content-item inactive\" data-title-link=\"notes-tab\">\n\t\t\t\t                            <\/div>\n\t\t        \n                    <div id=\"bibliographie-tab\" class=\"clearfix eael-tab-content-item inactive\" data-title-link=\"bibliographie-tab\">\n\t\t\t\t        <p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Cabore, J. W. et al., 2022, Covid-19 in the 47 countries of the WHO African region: a modelling analysis of past trends and future patterns, <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Lancet Global Health<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">pp. 1099-114. <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">(8), 109-114. 10.1016\/S2214-109X(22)00233-9.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Covid-19 Excess Mortality Collaborators. (2022). Estimating excess mortality due to the Covid-19 pandemic: a systematic analysis of Covid-19-related mortality, 2020-21. <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Lancet,<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, (399), pp. 1513-1536. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)02796-3.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Fassin, D., 2021, <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Les Mondes de la sant\u00e9 publique. Excursions anthropologiques. Cours au coll\u00e8ge de France 2020-2021, <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">. Seuil.<\/span><\/p>                    <\/div>\n\t\t                    <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5aff930 e-flex e-con-boxed wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5aff930\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fc34b86 elementor-widget elementor-widget-off-canvas\" data-id=\"fc34b86\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"off-canvas.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"off-canvas-fc34b86\" class=\"e-off-canvas\" role=\"dialog\" aria-hidden=\"true\" aria-label=\"Off-Canvas\" aria-modal=\"true\" inert=\"\" data-delay-child-handlers=\"true\">\n\t\t\t<div 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class=\"eael-creative-button-wrapper\">\n\n            <a class=\"eael-creative-button eael-creative-button--default eael-cb-icon-position-\" href=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Doff_canvas%3Aopen%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6ImZjMzRiODYiLCJkaXNwbGF5TW9kZSI6Im9wZW4ifQ%3D%3D\" data-text=\"Allez-y !\">\n            \t    \n                <div class=\"creative-button-inner\">\n\n                    \n                    <span class=\"cretive-button-text\">Table des mati\u00e8res<\/span>\n\n                                    <\/div>\n\t                        <\/a>\n        <\/div>\n        \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Num\u00e9ro 02 &#8211; Postface This post is also available in: English Fran\u00e7ais (French) T\u00c9L\u00c9CHARGER EN PDF 02.2022L\u2019Afrique et le monde \u00e0 l\u2019heure virale Publi\u00e9 le : 16 d\u00e9cembre 2022ISSN: 3020-0458 T\u00c9L\u00c9CHARGER LE NUM\u00c9RO PDF Abstract R\u00e9sum\u00e9 Muhtasari \u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635 \/\/\/ \/\/\/ \/\/\/ \/\/\/ La pande\u0301mie de Covid-19 n\u2019a pas seulement e\u0301te\u0301 un phe\u0301nome\u0300ne e\u0301pide\u0301miologique d\u2019ampleur conside\u0301rable a\u0300 travers la plane\u0300te. Elle n\u2019a pas e\u0301te\u0301 uniquement un fait social global marque\u0301 par des suspensions temporaires d\u2019activite\u0301s humaines et de liberte\u0301s fondamentales. Elle a aussi e\u0301te\u0301 un moment de ve\u0301rite\u0301 pour le monde (Fassin, 2021). Ce moment de ve\u0301rite\u0301 s\u2019est manifeste\u0301 d\u2019au moins deux fac\u0327ons, qui prennent un sens particulier pour le continent africain. Premi\u00e8rement, il y a eu la focalisation de toute l\u2019attention m\u00e9diatique et m\u00eame, plus largement, de toute l\u2019attention mentale du public sur un seul ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne : l\u2019expansion de la maladie, avec la comptabilit\u00e9 de ses nouveaux cas, de ses patients hospitalis\u00e9s en soins intensifs, et de ses d\u00e9c\u00e8s, ou du moins d\u2019une partie d\u2019entre eux, puisque que les personnes \u00e2g\u00e9es en institution ont initialement \u00e9t\u00e9 oubli\u00e9es et leurs morts occult\u00e9es. La soci\u00e9t\u00e9 vivait au rythme des chiffres, des graphiques, des projections, qui ne servaient pas seulement \u00e0 d\u00e9crire l\u2019\u00e9volution du fl\u00e9au, mais aussi \u00e0 prescrire les r\u00e9ponses, comme si la science pouvait d\u00e9terminer la politique, alors m\u00eame que les pr\u00e9dictions statistiques variaient manifestement d\u2019un institut de recherche \u00e0 un autre : en fait, c\u2019\u00e9tait souvent la politique qui choisissait la science qui lui convenait. Le public s\u2019\u00e9tonnait du ton martial de certains chefs d\u2019\u00c9tat, s\u2019inqui\u00e9tait des annonces gouvernementales, s\u2019indignait des restrictions \u00e0 son droit de circuler, s\u2019enthousiasmait du d\u00e9vouement des professionnels de sant\u00e9. Les m\u00e9dias multipliaient les reportages dans les services de r\u00e9animation des h\u00f4pitaux, les journalistes racontaient des drames familiaux les larmes aux yeux, les gens confiaient \u00e0 la radio, \u00e0 la t\u00e9l\u00e9vision ou sur les r\u00e9seaux sociaux leur exp\u00e9rience du confinement. Il n\u2019\u00e9tait gu\u00e8re question que de soi, un soi national ou un soi individuel. La pand\u00e9mie avait absorb\u00e9 presque enti\u00e8rement l\u2019\u00e9conomie de l\u2019attention. Ce ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne n\u2019\u00e9tait toutefois pas uniforme. Il \u00e9tait \u00e0 la fois exclusif et s\u00e9lectif. Il \u00e9tait exclusif, au sens o\u00f9 il rel\u00e9guait au second plan tous les autres probl\u00e8mes du monde. Des bombardements massifs par les avions russes des villes oppos\u00e9es au r\u00e9gime de Bachar el-Assad, des cons\u00e9quences tragiques de la guerre men\u00e9e par l\u2019Arabie saoudite au Y\u00e9men, de la progression des talibans en Afghanistan \u00e0 mesure du retrait des troupes \u00e9tats-uniennes, de la d\u00e9tresse des Rohingyas au Bangladesh, de l\u2019ins\u00e9curit\u00e9 chronique en Ha\u00efti, de la famine au Sud-Soudan, des exil\u00e9s africains se noyant dans la M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e, il n\u2019\u00e9tait plus question. Du continent africain, on ne voulait plus rien savoir du paludisme ou de la tuberculose. Mais l\u2019attraction exerc\u00e9e par la pand\u00e9mie \u00e9tait aussi s\u00e9lective, au sens o\u00f9 l\u2019int\u00e9r\u00eat des m\u00e9dias et la fascination du public concernaient avant tout les pays occidentaux, ainsi que quelques grandes nations au premier rang desquelles la Chine avec sa politique draconienne de confinement radical de r\u00e9gions enti\u00e8res. On n\u2019entendait gu\u00e8re parler de l\u2019Afrique dans les organes de presse internationaux, sauf pour, dans un premier temps, pr\u00e9dire une catastrophe au regard de l\u2019imp\u00e9ritie des autorit\u00e9s et de l\u2019indiscipline de la population, puis, dans un second temps, chercher les explications de la non-survenue du d\u00e9sastre annonc\u00e9. Entre ignorance et m\u00e9connaissance, le fl\u00e9au, dont on ne savait gu\u00e8re s\u2019il avait \u00e9pargn\u00e9 le continent ou si sa gravit\u00e9 avait \u00e9t\u00e9 sous-estim\u00e9e, s\u2019inscrivait dans la longue histoire des repr\u00e9sentations de la sant\u00e9 publique en Afrique. Deuxi\u00e8mement, il y a eu la justification de la r\u00e9ponse \u00e0 la pand\u00e9mie qui n\u2019a probablement pas de pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9chelle de la plan\u00e8te : interrompre les activit\u00e9s \u00e9conomiques, interdire les rassemblements et les d\u00e9placements, et priver les citoyens de leurs droits \u00e9l\u00e9mentaires, y compris celui de visiter leurs malades et d\u2019honorer leurs morts, tout ce bouleversement de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 n\u2019avait qu\u2019une raison d\u2019\u00eatre : prot\u00e9ger les populations et sauver des vies. Si c\u2019est bien s\u00fbr la mission qu\u2019on attend de la sant\u00e9 publique, c\u2019\u00e9tait probablement la premi\u00e8re fois qu\u2019elle se trouvait pr\u00e9valoir sur toutes les autres r\u00e9alit\u00e9s. Dans un monde o\u00f9 le capitalisme et le n\u00e9olib\u00e9ralisme \u00e9taient triomphants, on arr\u00eatait pourtant la machine productive et on valorisait m\u00eame les biens publics. Du moins le faisait-on gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 de massifs apports financiers pour soutenir les entreprises en difficult\u00e9 et limiter les cons\u00e9quences sur l\u2019emploi dans les pays disposant des moyens de le faire, m\u00eame dans ceux qui, tels les \u00c9tats-Unis, avaient jusqu\u2019alors d\u00e9fendu les lois du march\u00e9 et d\u00e9nonc\u00e9 les interventions de l\u2019\u00c9tat. La vie \u00e9tait devenue une valeur supr\u00eame, celle pour laquelle on \u00e9tait pr\u00eat \u00e0 sacrifier aussi bien les principes de la libert\u00e9 \u00e9conomique que ceux du lib\u00e9ralisme politique. La pand\u00e9mie marquait l\u2019av\u00e8nement de la biol\u00e9gitimit\u00e9, c\u2019est-\u00e0-dire de la reconnaissance de la vie comme bien le plus pr\u00e9cieux. On mesure la r\u00e9volution morale qui \u00e9tait \u00e0 l\u2019\u0153uvre quand on pense \u00e0 la mani\u00e8re dont, il n\u2019y a pas si longtemps, dans les deux guerres mondiales, on envoyait des millions de soldats au combat et on n\u2019h\u00e9sitait pas \u00e0 exposer au danger les civils de son propre pays. Encore s\u2019agissait-il d\u00e9sormais de prot\u00e9ger les siens en fermant les yeux sur les morts provoqu\u00e9es chez l\u2019ennemi en Afghanistan comme en Irak. Cependant, m\u00eame face \u00e0 la pand\u00e9mie, l\u2019av\u00e8nement de la biol\u00e9gitimit\u00e9 avait ses limites. La re\u0301volution morale qui faisait de la vie un bien supre\u0302me justifiant les mesures les plus radicales avait en effet deux se\u0301rieux revers. Premier revers : elle e\u0301tait marque\u0301e par de profondes disparite\u0301s. S\u2019il est un fait que la pande\u0301mie a re\u0301ve\u0301le\u0301 pour une grande partie de la population, ce sont les ine\u0301galite\u0301s devant la maladie, la me\u0301decine et la mort. Certes, elles lui pre\u0301existaient : en France, les 5 % les plus modestes vivaient en moyenne 13 ans de moins que les 5 % les plus riches, et aux E\u0301tats-Unis, entre les hommes noirs ayant interrompu leur scolarite\u0301 et les hommes blancs ayant un diplo\u0302me universitaire, l\u2019e\u0301cart d\u2019espe\u0301rance de vie a\u0300<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":33,"featured_media":6458,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"elementor_header_footer","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[206],"tags":[],"issues3":[],"post_folder":[],"ppma_author":[509],"class_list":["post-9917","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-postface-fr","author-didier-fassin-fr"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>La pand\u00e9mie : un moment de v\u00e9rit\u00e9 pour le monde | Global Africa<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Un moment de v\u00e9rit\u00e9 pour le monde - 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He is also a director of studies at the EHESS and was the first director of Iris, which he co-founded with Alban Bensa. His research focuses on the political and moral dimensions of contemporary societal transformations. His early work examined the production and construction of health issues, particularly regarding childhood lead poisoning in France, maternal mortality in Ecuador, disability in Senegal, and AIDS in Southern Africa. He has also explored social inequalities and racial discrimination, as well as what he has termed the new frontiers of French society\u2014linking external and internal borders, and thus immigration and racialization issues. On this topic, he led a research program funded by the French National Research Agency. His most recent reflections on the relationship between social sciences and philosophical thought were presented in the Tanner Lectures at the University of Berkeley, focusing on the foundations of punishment, and the Adorno Lectures at Goethe University in Frankfurt, addressing the value of life. As the recipient of the 2018 Nomis Distinguished Scientist Award\u2014the first social scientist to receive this honor\u2014he is developing a new research program titled *Crisis: A Global Inquiry in the Contemporary Moment*. A visiting professor at numerous universities, he established a Summer Program in Social Sciences for young researchers from Latin America, the Middle East, and Africa. 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