{"id":11025,"date":"2025-03-09T15:07:19","date_gmt":"2025-03-09T15:07:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/revue\/auteurs\/"},"modified":"2026-05-03T22:07:45","modified_gmt":"2026-05-03T22:07:45","slug":"auteurs","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/revue\/auteurs\/","title":{"rendered":"Auteurs"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"11025\" class=\"elementor elementor-11025 elementor-9781\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3431741d e-con-full e-flex wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3431741d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ea5cd99 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"ea5cd99\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<style>\n  \/* \u2550\u2550 SOUS-NAVIGATION DE LA REVUE \u2550\u2550 *\/\n  .subnav { position: sticky; top: 110px; z-index: 190; background: var(--surface); display: flex; overflow-x: auto; scrollbar-width: none; box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(0,0,0,0.04); }\n  .subnav::-webkit-scrollbar { display: none; }\n  .subnav-item { display: flex; align-items: center; padding: 0 20px; height: 44px; font-size: 0.62rem; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: 0.12em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--text-muted); text-decoration: none; border-right: 1px solid var(--border); white-space: nowrap; transition: color .2s, background .2s; position: relative; }\n  .subnav-item:hover { color: var(--text); background: var(--surface-2); }\n  .subnav-item.active { color: var(--teal); background: var(--teal-dim); }\n  .subnav-item.active::after { content:''; position:absolute; bottom:0; left:0; right:0; height:2px; background:var(--teal); }\n<\/style>\n\n<div class=\"subnav\">\n  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/revue\/objectifs-et-portee\/\" class=\"subnav-item\">Objectifs et port\u00e9e<\/a>\n  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/revue\/ligne-editoriale\/\" class=\"subnav-item\">Ligne \u00e9ditoriale<\/a>\n  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/revue\/comites-et-personnels\/\" class=\"subnav-item\">Comit\u00e9s &amp; \u00e9quipe<\/a>\n  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/revue\/referencement-et-indexation\/\" class=\"subnav-item\">R\u00e9f\u00e9rencement &amp; indexation<\/a>\n  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/revue\/appels-et-planning\/\" class=\"subnav-item\">Appels et calendrier<\/a>\n  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/revue\/soumission\/\" class=\"subnav-item\">Soumission<\/a>\n  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/revue\/libre-acces\/\" class=\"subnav-item\">Libre acc\u00e8s<\/a>\n  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/revue\/droit-dauteur-licence-et-archivage\/\" class=\"subnav-item\">Droit d'auteur &amp; licence<\/a>\n  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/revue\/qualite-ethique-et-responsabilite\/\" class=\"subnav-item\">\u00c9thique &amp; qualit\u00e9<\/a>\n  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/revue\/numeros\/\" class=\"subnav-item\">Num\u00e9ros<\/a>\n  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/revue\/auteurs\/\" class=\"subnav-item\">Auteurs<\/a>\n  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/journal\/iconographic-thread\/\" class=\"subnav-item\">Fils iconographiques<\/a>\n<\/div>\n\n<script>\n  (function() {\n    const current = window.location.href.replace(\/\\\/$\/, '');\n    document.querySelectorAll('.subnav-item').forEach(function(link) {\n      const href = link.href.replace(\/\\\/$\/, '');\n      if (href === current) {\n        link.classList.add('active');\n      }\n    });\n  })();\n<\/script>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e5dc852 e-con-full e-flex wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"e5dc852\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3de380e elementor-widget elementor-widget-shortcode\" data-id=\"3de380e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"shortcode.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shortcode\">    <div class=\"gau-wrap\">\n\n    <!-- \u2550\u2550 CSS \u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550 -->\n    <style>\n    \/* \u2500\u2500 Variables \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 *\/\n    .gau-wrap {\n        --gau-teal:       #1AACAA !important;\n        --gau-teal-dark:  #138e8c !important;\n        --gau-teal-light: #e6f7f7 !important;\n        --gau-gold:       #C9913A !important;\n        --gau-dark:       #111111 !important;\n        --gau-dark2:      #1c1c1c !important;\n        --gau-bg:         #eeeeee !important;\n        --gau-gray-mid:   #d8d8d8 !important;\n        --gau-text:       #1a1a1a !important;\n        --gau-muted:      #777    !important;\n        --gau-white:      #eeeeee !important;\n        --av0: #1AACAA !important;\n        --av1: #C9913A !important;\n        --av2: #7B5EA7 !important;\n        --av3: #2E7D32 !important;\n        --av4: #C62828 !important;\n        --av5: #1565C0 !important;\n        --av6: #6D4C41 !important;\n        --av7: #37474F !important;\n    }\n\n    \/* \u2500\u2500 Reset \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 *\/\n    .gau-wrap *,\n    .gau-wrap *::before,\n    .gau-wrap *::after {\n        box-sizing: border-box !important;\n        -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased !important;\n    }\n    .gau-wrap {\n        font-family: 'Noto Sans', sans-serif !important;\n        color: var(--gau-text) !important;\n        background: var(--gau-bg) !important;\n        margin: 0 !important;\n        padding: 0 !important;\n    }\n\n    \/* \u2500\u2500 HERO \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 *\/\n    .gau-hero {\n        background: var(--gau-dark) !important;\n        color: white !important;\n        padding: 60px 80px 52px;\n        position: relative !important;\n        overflow: hidden !important;\n    }\n    .gau-hero-inner {\n        position: relative !important;\n        z-index: 2 !important;\n        display: flex !important;\n        justify-content: space-between !important;\n        align-items: flex-end !important;\n        flex-wrap: wrap !important;\n        gap: 32px !important;\n        max-width: 1360px !important;\n        margin: 0 auto !important;\n    }\n    .gau-hero-eyebrow {\n        font-size: 10px !important;\n        letter-spacing: 0.18em !important;\n        text-transform: uppercase !important;\n        color: var(--gau-teal) !important;\n        font-weight: 700 !important;\n        margin-bottom: 14px !important;\n    }\n    .gau-hero h1 {\n        font-family: 'Noto Serif', serif !important;\n        font-size: clamp(36px, 5vw, 58px) !important;\n        font-weight: 900 !important;\n        line-height: 1.05 !important;\n        margin-bottom: 12px !important;\n        color: white !important;\n    }\n    .gau-hero-desc {\n        font-size: 14px !important;\n        color: #888 !important;\n        max-width: 460px !important;\n        line-height: 1.7 !important;\n        margin: 0 !important;\n    }\n\n    \/* Hero avatars *\/\n    .gau-hero-avatars {\n        display: flex !important;\n        align-items: center !important;\n    }\n    .gau-hero-av {\n        width: 44px !important;\n        height: 44px !important;\n        border-radius: 50% !important;\n        border: 2px solid var(--gau-dark) !important;\n        display: flex !important;\n        align-items: center !important;\n        justify-content: center !important;\n        font-family: 'Noto Serif', serif !important;\n        font-size: 15px !important;\n        font-weight: 700 !important;\n        color: white !important;\n        margin-left: -10px !important;\n        flex-shrink: 0 !important;\n        overflow: hidden !important;\n    }\n    .gau-hero-av:first-child { margin-left: 0 !important; }\n    .gau-hero-av img {\n        width: 100% !important;\n        height: 100% !important;\n        object-fit: cover !important;\n    }\n    .gau-hero-av-more {\n        width: 44px !important;\n        height: 44px !important;\n        border-radius: 50% !important;\n        border: 2px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.15) !important;\n        background: rgba(255,255,255,0.06) !important;\n        display: flex !important;\n        align-items: center !important;\n        justify-content: center !important;\n        font-size: 11px !important;\n        font-weight: 600 !important;\n        color: #aaa !important;\n        margin-left: -10px !important;\n        flex-shrink: 0 !important;\n    }\n\n    \/* Hero stats *\/\n    .gau-hero-stats {\n        display: flex !important;\n        gap: 32px !important;\n        flex-wrap: wrap !important;\n        margin-top: 28px !important;\n        align-items: center !important;\n    }\n    .gau-hstat {\n        display: flex !important;\n        flex-direction: column !important;\n        gap: 3px !important;\n    }\n    .gau-hstat-num {\n        font-family: 'Noto Serif', serif !important;\n        font-size: 32px !important;\n        font-weight: 900 !important;\n        color: white !important;\n        line-height: 1 !important;\n    }\n    .gau-hstat-num span { color: var(--gau-teal) !important; }\n    .gau-hstat-label {\n        font-size: 9px !important;\n        letter-spacing: 0.14em !important;\n        text-transform: uppercase !important;\n        color: #666 !important;\n    }\n    .gau-hstat-divider {\n        width: 1px !important;\n        background: rgba(255,255,255,0.08) !important;\n        align-self: stretch !important;\n        margin: 4px 0 !important;\n    }\n\n    \/* \u2500\u2500 CONTROLS BAR \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 *\/\n    .gau-controls {\n        background: var(--gau-bg) !important;\n        border-bottom: 1px solid var(--gau-gray-mid) !important;\n        padding: 20px 40px !important;\n        display: flex !important;\n        align-items: center !important;\n        gap: 16px !important;\n        flex-wrap: wrap !important;\n    }\n    .gau-search-wrap {\n        position: relative !important;\n        flex: 1 !important;\n        min-width: 240px !important;\n        max-width: 400px !important;\n    }\n    .gau-search-wrap input {\n        width: 100% !important;\n        padding: 10px 16px 10px 40px !important;\n        border: 1px solid var(--gau-gray-mid) !important;\n        background: white !important;\n        font-size: 13px !important;\n        outline: none !important;\n        color: var(--gau-text) !important;\n        font-family: 'Noto Sans', sans-serif !important;\n        transition: border-color 0.2s !important;\n        border-radius: 0 !important;\n    }\n    .gau-search-wrap input:focus { border-color: var(--gau-teal) !important; }\n    .gau-search-wrap input::placeholder { color: #bbb !important; }\n    .gau-search-icon {\n        position: absolute !important;\n        left: 12px !important;\n        top: 50% !important;\n        transform: translateY(-50%) !important;\n        color: #bbb !important;\n    }\n    .gau-filter-group {\n        display: flex !important;\n        align-items: center !important;\n        gap: 8px !important;\n    }\n    .gau-filter-label {\n        font-size: 10px !important;\n        letter-spacing: 0.1em !important;\n        text-transform: uppercase !important;\n        color: var(--gau-muted) !important;\n        font-weight: 600 !important;\n        flex-shrink: 0 !important;\n    }\n    .gau-filter-select {\n        padding: 9px 28px 9px 14px !important;\n        border: 1px solid var(--gau-gray-mid) !important;\n        background: white !important;\n        font-size: 12px !important;\n        font-family: 'Noto Sans', sans-serif !important;\n        color: var(--gau-text) !important;\n        outline: none !important;\n        cursor: pointer !important;\n        min-width: 160px !important;\n        appearance: none !important;\n        -webkit-appearance: none !important;\n        background-image: url(\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg' width='10' height='6'%3E%3Cpath d='M0 0l5 6 5-6z' fill='%23aaa'\/%3E%3C\/svg%3E\") !important;\n        background-repeat: no-repeat !important;\n        background-position: right 10px center !important;\n        border-radius: 0 !important;\n    }\n    .gau-filter-select:focus { border-color: var(--gau-teal) !important; }\n    .gau-results-count {\n        margin-left: auto !important;\n        font-size: 12px !important;\n        color: var(--gau-muted) !important;\n        font-family: 'Noto Sans', monospace !important;\n        white-space: nowrap !important;\n    }\n    .gau-results-count strong { color: var(--gau-teal) !important; }\n\n    \/* \u2500\u2500 ALPHABET INDEX \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 *\/\n    .gau-alpha-index {\n        padding: 12px 40px !important;\n        background: white !important;\n        border-bottom: 1px solid var(--gau-gray-mid) !important;\n        display: flex !important;\n        gap: 2px !important;\n        flex-wrap: wrap !important;\n    }\n    .gau-alpha-btn {\n        width: 28px !important;\n        height: 28px !important;\n        display: flex !important;\n        align-items: center !important;\n        justify-content: center !important;\n        font-size: 12px !important;\n        font-weight: 600 !important;\n        color: var(--gau-muted) !important;\n        background: transparent !important;\n        border: none !important;\n        cursor: pointer !important;\n        transition: all 0.15s !important;\n        text-transform: uppercase !important;\n        letter-spacing: 0.04em !important;\n        border-radius: 0 !important;\n        font-family: 'Noto Sans', sans-serif !important;\n    }\n    .gau-alpha-btn:hover { color: var(--gau-teal) !important; background: var(--gau-teal-light) !important; }\n    .gau-alpha-btn.active { background: var(--gau-teal) !important; color: white !important; }\n    .gau-alpha-btn.disabled { color: #ddd !important; cursor: default !important; }\n    .gau-alpha-btn.disabled:hover { background: transparent !important; color: #ddd !important; }\n\n    \/* \u2500\u2500 MAIN CONTENT \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 *\/\n    .gau-page {\n        padding: 40px 80px 80px;\n        position: relative !important;\n        overflow: hidden !important;\n    }\n\n    \/* \u2500\u2500 LETTER GROUP \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 *\/\n    .gau-letter-group {\n        margin-bottom: 48px !important;\n    }\n    .gau-letter-anchor {\n        display: flex !important;\n        align-items: center !important;\n        gap: 16px !important;\n        margin-bottom: 20px !important;\n    }\n    .gau-letter-anchor h2 {\n        font-family: 'Noto Serif', serif !important;\n        font-size: 40px !important;\n        font-weight: 900 !important;\n        color: var(--gau-teal) !important;\n        line-height: 1 !important;\n        opacity: 0.25 !important;\n        min-width: 36px !important;\n        margin: 0 !important;\n    }\n    .gau-letter-line {\n        flex: 1 !important;\n        height: 1px !important;\n        background: var(--gau-gray-mid) !important;\n    }\n    .gau-letter-count {\n        font-size: 10px !important;\n        color: var(--gau-muted) !important;\n        letter-spacing: 0.08em !important;\n    }\n\n    \/* \u2500\u2500 AUTHORS GRID \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 *\/\n    .gau-grid {\n        display: grid !important;\n        grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(240px, 1fr)) !important;\n        gap: 2px !important;\n    }\n\n    \/* \u2500\u2500 AUTHOR CARD \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 *\/\n    .gau-card {\n        background: var(--gau-white) !important;\n        border: 1px solid var(--gau-gray-mid) !important;\n        padding: 22px 20px 18px !important;\n        display: flex !important;\n        flex-direction: column !important;\n        gap: 10px !important;\n        cursor: pointer !important;\n        text-decoration: none !important;\n        color: inherit !important;\n        transition: box-shadow 0.2s, transform 0.15s, border-color 0.2s !important;\n        position: relative !important;\n        overflow: hidden !important;\n    }\n    .gau-card::before {\n        content: '' !important;\n        position: absolute !important;\n        top: 0 !important;\n        left: 0 !important;\n        width: 3px !important;\n        height: 100% !important;\n        background: var(--gau-teal) !important;\n        transform: scaleY(0) !important;\n        transform-origin: top !important;\n        transition: transform 0.2s !important;\n    }\n    .gau-card:hover {\n        box-shadow: 0 6px 24px rgba(0,0,0,0.09) !important;\n        transform: translateY(-2px) !important;\n        border-color: transparent !important;\n    }\n    .gau-card:hover::before { transform: scaleY(1) !important; }\n\n    .gau-card-top {\n        display: flex !important;\n        align-items: flex-start !important;\n        gap: 12px !important;\n    }\n    .gau-avatar {\n        width: 44px !important;\n        height: 44px !important;\n        border-radius: 50% !important;\n        display: flex !important;\n        align-items: center !important;\n        justify-content: center !important;\n        font-family: 'Noto Serif', serif !important;\n        font-size: 16px !important;\n        font-weight: 700 !important;\n        color: white !important;\n        flex-shrink: 0 !important;\n        letter-spacing: -0.02em !important;\n        overflow: hidden !important;\n    }\n    .gau-avatar img {\n        width: 100% !important;\n        height: 100% !important;\n        object-fit: cover !important;\n    }\n    .gau-av-0 { background: #1AACAA !important; }\n    .gau-av-1 { background: #C9913A !important; }\n    .gau-av-2 { background: #7B5EA7 !important; }\n    .gau-av-3 { background: #2E7D32 !important; }\n    .gau-av-4 { background: #C62828 !important; }\n    .gau-av-5 { background: #1565C0 !important; }\n    .gau-av-6 { background: #6D4C41 !important; }\n    .gau-av-7 { background: #37474F !important; }\n\n    .gau-name-block {\n        flex: 1 !important;\n        min-width: 0 !important;\n    }\n    .gau-name {\n        font-family: 'Noto Serif', serif !important;\n        font-size: 15px !important;\n        font-weight: 700 !important;\n        line-height: 1.3 !important;\n        color: var(--gau-dark) !important;\n        margin-bottom: 3px !important;\n    }\n    .gau-role {\n        font-size: 11px !important;\n        color: var(--gau-teal) !important;\n        font-weight: 500 !important;\n        white-space: nowrap !important;\n        overflow: hidden !important;\n        text-overflow: ellipsis !important;\n    }\n    .gau-uni {\n        font-size: 12px !important;\n        color: var(--gau-muted) !important;\n        line-height: 1.4 !important;\n        display: flex !important;\n        align-items: flex-start !important;\n        gap: 5px !important;\n    }\n    .gau-uni-icon {\n        font-size: 10px !important;\n        flex-shrink: 0 !important;\n        margin-top: 2px !important;\n    }\n    .gau-country {\n        display: inline-flex !important;\n        align-items: center !important;\n        gap: 5px !important;\n        font-size: 10px !important;\n        letter-spacing: 0.08em !important;\n        text-transform: uppercase !important;\n        color: var(--gau-muted) !important;\n        font-weight: 500 !important;\n    }\n    .gau-tags {\n        display: flex !important;\n        gap: 5px !important;\n        flex-wrap: wrap !important;\n    }\n    .gau-tag {\n        font-size: 9px !important;\n        letter-spacing: 0.07em !important;\n        text-transform: uppercase !important;\n        padding: 2px 7px !important;\n        background: var(--gau-teal-light) !important;\n        color: var(--gau-teal-dark) !important;\n        font-weight: 600 !important;\n    }\n\n    \/* Card footer *\/\n    .gau-card-footer {\n        display: flex !important;\n        align-items: center !important;\n        justify-content: space-between !important;\n        padding-top: 10px !important;\n        border-top: 1px solid var(--gau-gray-mid) !important;\n        margin-top: auto !important;\n    }\n    .gau-articles-chip {\n        font-size: 10px !important;\n        color: var(--gau-muted) !important;\n    }\n    .gau-articles-chip strong { color: var(--gau-teal) !important; }\n    .gau-arrow {\n        font-size: 14px !important;\n        color: var(--gau-teal) !important;\n        font-weight: 700 !important;\n        transition: transform 0.2s !important;\n    }\n    .gau-card:hover .gau-arrow { transform: translateX(4px) !important; }\n\n    \/* \u2500\u2500 NO RESULTS \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 *\/\n    .gau-no-results {\n        text-align: center !important;\n        padding: 60px 40px !important;\n        color: var(--gau-muted) !important;\n        display: none !important;\n    }\n    .gau-no-results.visible { display: block !important; }\n\n    \/* \u2500\u2500 BOTTOM CTA \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 *\/\n    .gau-cta {\n        background: var(--gau-dark2) !important;\n        color: white !important;\n        padding: 56px 40px !important;\n        text-align: center !important;\n    }\n    .gau-cta-eyebrow {\n        font-size: 10px !important;\n        letter-spacing: 0.16em !important;\n        text-transform: uppercase !important;\n        color: var(--gau-teal) !important;\n        margin-bottom: 10px !important;\n    }\n    .gau-cta h3 {\n        font-family: 'Noto Serif', serif !important;\n        font-size: 26px !important;\n        margin-bottom: 8px !important;\n        font-weight: 700 !important;\n        color: white !important;\n    }\n    .gau-cta p {\n        font-size: 13px !important;\n        color: #888 !important;\n        margin-bottom: 24px !important;\n    }\n    .gau-cta-group {\n        display: flex !important;\n        justify-content: center !important;\n        gap: 14px !important;\n        flex-wrap: wrap !important;\n    }\n    .gau-btn-primary {\n        background: var(--gau-teal) !important;\n        color: white !important;\n        border: none !important;\n        padding: 13px 24px !important;\n        font-size: 12px !important;\n        font-weight: 600 !important;\n        letter-spacing: 0.07em !important;\n        text-transform: uppercase !important;\n        cursor: pointer !important;\n        text-decoration: none !important;\n        display: inline-flex !important;\n        align-items: center !important;\n        gap: 7px !important;\n        transition: background 0.2s !important;\n    }\n    .gau-btn-primary:hover { background: var(--gau-teal-dark) !important; }\n    .gau-btn-outline {\n        background: transparent !important;\n        color: white !important;\n        border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.2) !important;\n        padding: 13px 24px !important;\n        font-size: 12px !important;\n        font-weight: 500 !important;\n        letter-spacing: 0.07em !important;\n        text-transform: uppercase !important;\n        cursor: pointer !important;\n        text-decoration: none !important;\n        display: inline-flex !important;\n        align-items: center !important;\n        transition: border-color 0.2s, color 0.2s !important;\n    }\n    .gau-btn-outline:hover { border-color: var(--gau-teal) !important; color: var(--gau-teal) !important; }\n\n    \/* \u2500\u2500 RESPONSIVE \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 *\/\n    @media (max-width: 1366px) {\n        .gau-hero, .gau-controls, .gau-alpha-index { padding-left: 60px !important; padding-right: 60px !important; }\n        .gau-page { padding-left: 60px !important; padding-right: 60px !important; }\n    }\n    @media (max-width: 1024px) {\n        .gau-hero, .gau-controls, .gau-alpha-index { padding-left: 40px !important; padding-right: 40px !important; }\n        .gau-page { padding-left: 40px !important; padding-right: 40px !important; }\n    }\n    @media (max-width: 880px) {\n        .gau-hero, .gau-controls, .gau-alpha-index { padding-left: 25px !important; padding-right: 25px !important; }\n        .gau-page { padding-left: 25px !important; padding-right: 25px !important; }\n    }\n    @media (max-width: 768px) {\n        .gau-hero { padding: 40px 20px 36px !important; }\n        .gau-hero-inner { flex-direction: column !important; align-items: flex-start !important; gap: 20px !important; }\n        .gau-controls { padding: 16px 20px !important; flex-direction: column !important; align-items: stretch !important; }\n        .gau-search-wrap { max-width: 100% !important; }\n        .gau-results-count { margin-left: 0 !important; }\n        .gau-alpha-index { padding: 10px 20px !important; }\n        .gau-page { padding: 24px 20px 60px !important; }\n        .gau-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(220px, 1fr)) !important; }\n        .gau-hero-stats { gap: 20px !important; }\n    }\n    @media (max-width: 480px) {\n        .gau-hero h1 { font-size: 34px !important; }\n        .gau-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr !important; }\n        .gau-filter-group { flex-wrap: wrap !important; }\n        .gau-filter-select { min-width: 100% !important; }\n    }\n    <\/style>\n\n    <!-- \u2550\u2550 HERO \u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550 -->\n    <section class=\"gau-hero\">\n        <div class=\"gau-hero-inner\">\n            <div>\n                <div class=\"gau-hero-eyebrow\">Global Africa \u00b7 Chercheurs contributeurs<\/div>\n                <h1>Nos auteurs<\/h1>\n                <p class=\"gau-hero-desc\">D\u00e9couvrez les chercheurs, universitaires et intellectuels qui fa\u00e7onnent le discours sur les sciences humaines, les sciences sociales et les \u00e9tudes sur la diaspora africaines.<\/p>\n                <div class=\"gau-hero-stats\">\n                    <div class=\"gau-hstat\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-hstat-num\">327<span>+<\/span><\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-hstat-label\">Auteurs<\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"gau-hstat-divider\"><\/div>\n                    <div class=\"gau-hstat\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-hstat-num\">5<span>+<\/span><\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-hstat-label\">Pays<\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"gau-hstat-divider\"><\/div>\n                    <div class=\"gau-hstat\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-hstat-num\">90<span>+<\/span><\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-hstat-label\">Universit\u00e9s<\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"gau-hstat-divider\"><\/div>\n                    <div class=\"gau-hstat\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-hstat-num\">13<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-hstat-label\">Num\u00e9ros<\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n            <div>\n                <div style=\"font-size:10px;letter-spacing:0.12em;text-transform:uppercase;color:#666;margin-bottom:10px;text-align:right;\">Certains de nos auteurs<\/div>\n                <div class=\"gau-hero-avatars\">\n                                        <div class=\"gau-hero-av gau-av-1\">\n                                                <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/526d98_6d1f16fdb68843528b152455def4f33bmv2-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Abdelkarim Skouri\">\n                                            <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"gau-hero-av gau-av-0\">\n                                                <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/41715f_5938f00a6a8c463ebf9d5322cdb88b92mv2-150x150.png\" alt=\"Abdoul Karim Saidou\">\n                                            <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"gau-hero-av gau-av-3\">\n                                                <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/photo-150x150.webp\" alt=\"Abdoulaye Maga\">\n                                            <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"gau-hero-av gau-av-3\">\n                                                <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/photo-150x150.webp\" alt=\"Abdoulaye Maga\">\n                                            <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"gau-hero-av gau-av-2\">\n                                                <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Abdoulaye-Toure-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Abdoulaye Tour\u00e9\">\n                                            <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"gau-hero-av gau-av-4\">\n                                                <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Abdoulaye-Toure-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Abdoulaye Tour\u00e9\">\n                                            <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"gau-hero-av gau-av-5\">\n                                                <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Abdul-Aziz-Dembele--150x150.png\" alt=\"Abdul Aziz Demb\u00e9l\u00e9\">\n                                            <\/div>\n                                                            <div class=\"gau-hero-av-more\">+320<\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n    <!-- \u2550\u2550 CONTROLS BAR \u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550 -->\n    <div class=\"gau-controls\">\n        <div class=\"gau-search-wrap\">\n            <svg class=\"gau-search-icon\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><circle cx=\"11\" cy=\"11\" r=\"8\"\/><path d=\"M21 21l-4.35-4.35\"\/><\/svg>\n            <input type=\"text\" id=\"gau-search\" placeholder=\"Recherche par nom, universit\u00e9, mot-cl\u00e9\u2026\" oninput=\"gauFilter()\">\n        <\/div>\n\n        <div class=\"gau-filter-group\">\n            <span class=\"gau-filter-label\">Pays<\/span>\n            <select class=\"gau-filter-select\" id=\"gau-country-filter\" onchange=\"gauFilter()\">\n                <option value=\"\">Tous les pays<\/option>\n                                <option value=\"Centre de recherche sur les dynamiques des mondes contemporains (Cerdym)\">Centre de recherche sur les dynamiques des mondes contemporains (Cerdym)<\/option>\n                                <option value=\"Tacoma\">Tacoma<\/option>\n                                <option value=\"Taylor &amp; Francis\">Taylor &amp; Francis<\/option>\n                                <option value=\"Washington DC\">Washington DC<\/option>\n                                <option value=\"laboratoire Arts des images et art contemporain (AIAC)\">laboratoire Arts des images et art contemporain (AIAC)<\/option>\n                            <\/select>\n        <\/div>\n\n        <div class=\"gau-results-count\" id=\"gau-count\">\n            Affichage <strong>327<\/strong> de 327 auteurs        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- \u2550\u2550 ALPHABET INDEX \u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550 -->\n    <div class=\"gau-alpha-index\" id=\"gau-alpha-index\">\n        <button class=\"gau-alpha-btn active\" onclick=\"gauSetAlpha(this,'all')\">Tous<\/button>\n                <button class=\"gau-alpha-btn \"\n            onclick=\"gauSetAlpha(this,'A')\">\n            A        <\/button>\n                <button class=\"gau-alpha-btn \"\n            onclick=\"gauSetAlpha(this,'B')\">\n            B        <\/button>\n                <button class=\"gau-alpha-btn \"\n            onclick=\"gauSetAlpha(this,'C')\">\n            C        <\/button>\n                <button class=\"gau-alpha-btn \"\n            onclick=\"gauSetAlpha(this,'D')\">\n            D        <\/button>\n                <button class=\"gau-alpha-btn \"\n            onclick=\"gauSetAlpha(this,'E')\">\n            E        <\/button>\n                <button class=\"gau-alpha-btn \"\n            onclick=\"gauSetAlpha(this,'F')\">\n            F        <\/button>\n                <button class=\"gau-alpha-btn \"\n            onclick=\"gauSetAlpha(this,'G')\">\n            G        <\/button>\n                <button class=\"gau-alpha-btn \"\n            onclick=\"gauSetAlpha(this,'H')\">\n            H        <\/button>\n                <button class=\"gau-alpha-btn \"\n            onclick=\"gauSetAlpha(this,'I')\">\n            I        <\/button>\n                <button class=\"gau-alpha-btn \"\n            onclick=\"gauSetAlpha(this,'J')\">\n            J        <\/button>\n                <button class=\"gau-alpha-btn \"\n            onclick=\"gauSetAlpha(this,'K')\">\n            K        <\/button>\n                <button class=\"gau-alpha-btn \"\n            onclick=\"gauSetAlpha(this,'L')\">\n            L        <\/button>\n                <button class=\"gau-alpha-btn \"\n            onclick=\"gauSetAlpha(this,'M')\">\n            M        <\/button>\n                <button class=\"gau-alpha-btn \"\n            onclick=\"gauSetAlpha(this,'N')\">\n            N        <\/button>\n                <button class=\"gau-alpha-btn \"\n            onclick=\"gauSetAlpha(this,'O')\">\n            O        <\/button>\n                <button class=\"gau-alpha-btn \"\n            onclick=\"gauSetAlpha(this,'P')\">\n            P        <\/button>\n                <button class=\"gau-alpha-btn disabled\"\n            >\n            Q        <\/button>\n                <button class=\"gau-alpha-btn \"\n            onclick=\"gauSetAlpha(this,'R')\">\n            R        <\/button>\n                <button class=\"gau-alpha-btn \"\n            onclick=\"gauSetAlpha(this,'S')\">\n            S        <\/button>\n                <button class=\"gau-alpha-btn \"\n            onclick=\"gauSetAlpha(this,'T')\">\n            T        <\/button>\n                <button class=\"gau-alpha-btn \"\n            onclick=\"gauSetAlpha(this,'U')\">\n            U        <\/button>\n                <button class=\"gau-alpha-btn \"\n            onclick=\"gauSetAlpha(this,'V')\">\n            V        <\/button>\n                <button class=\"gau-alpha-btn \"\n            onclick=\"gauSetAlpha(this,'W')\">\n            W        <\/button>\n                <button class=\"gau-alpha-btn disabled\"\n            >\n            X        <\/button>\n                <button class=\"gau-alpha-btn \"\n            onclick=\"gauSetAlpha(this,'Y')\">\n            Y        <\/button>\n                <button class=\"gau-alpha-btn \"\n            onclick=\"gauSetAlpha(this,'Z')\">\n            Z        <\/button>\n            <\/div>\n\n    <!-- \u2550\u2550 AUTHORS LIST \u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550 -->\n    <div class=\"gau-page\" id=\"gau-authors-page\">\n\n        <div class=\"gau-no-results\" id=\"gau-no-results\">\n            Aucun auteur ne correspond \u00e0 votre recherche.        <\/div>\n\n                <div class=\"gau-letter-group\" id=\"gau-group-A\" data-letter=\"A\">\n            <div class=\"gau-letter-anchor\">\n                <h2>A<\/h2>\n                <div class=\"gau-letter-line\"><\/div>\n                <span class=\"gau-letter-count\">32 auteurs<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"gau-grid\">\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/abdelkarim-skouri\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"abdelkarim skouri\"\n                   data-org=\"luiss university\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-1\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/526d98_6d1f16fdb68843528b152455def4f33bmv2-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Abdelkarim Skouri\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Abdelkarim Skouri<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Luiss University<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/abdoul-karim-saidou-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"abdoul karim saidou\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-0\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/41715f_5938f00a6a8c463ebf9d5322cdb88b92mv2-150x150.png\" alt=\"Abdoul Karim Saidou\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Abdoul Karim Saidou<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/abdoulaye-maga-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"abdoulaye maga\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-3\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/photo-150x150.webp\" alt=\"Abdoulaye Maga\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Abdoulaye Maga<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/abdoulaye-maga\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"abdoulaye maga\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-3\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/photo-150x150.webp\" alt=\"Abdoulaye Maga\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Abdoulaye Maga<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/abdoulaye-toure-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"abdoulaye tour\u00e9\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-2\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Abdoulaye-Toure-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Abdoulaye Tour\u00e9\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Abdoulaye Tour\u00e9<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/abdoulaye-toure\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"abdoulaye tour\u00e9\"\n                   data-org=\"universit\u00e9 gamal abdel nasser de conakry\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-4\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Abdoulaye-Toure-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Abdoulaye Tour\u00e9\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Abdoulaye Tour\u00e9<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Universit\u00e9 Gamal Abdel Nasser de Conakry<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/abdul-aziz-dembele-1\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"abdul aziz demb\u00e9l\u00e9\"\n                   data-org=\"universit\u00e9 rennes 2\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-5\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Abdul-Aziz-Dembele--150x150.png\" alt=\"Abdul Aziz Demb\u00e9l\u00e9\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Abdul Aziz Demb\u00e9l\u00e9<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Universit\u00e9 Rennes 2<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/abdul-aziz-dembele-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"abdul-aziz dembele\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-2\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Abdul-Aziz-Dembele--150x150.png\" alt=\"Abdul-Aziz Dembele\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Abdul-Aziz Dembele<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/adama-aly-pam\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"adama aly pam\"\n                   data-org=\"universit\u00e9 cheikh anta diop\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-6\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Adama-Pam-150x150.png\" alt=\"Adama Aly Pam\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Adama Aly Pam<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Universit\u00e9 Cheikh Anta Diop<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/adama-aly-pam-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"adama aly pam\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-7\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Adama-Pam-150x150.png\" alt=\"Adama Aly Pam\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Adama Aly Pam<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/alain-patrick-loumou-mondoleba\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"alain-patrick loumou mondoleba\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-0\">\n                                                        AM                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Alain-Patrick Loumou Mondoleba<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>1<\/strong>\n                            article                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/albert-gautier-ndione-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"albert gautier ndione\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-2\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Albert-Gautier-NDIONE-150x150.png\" alt=\"Albert Gautier Ndione\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Albert Gautier Ndione<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/albert-gautier-ndione-1\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"albert gautier ndione\"\n                   data-org=\"universit\u00e9 cheikh anta diop\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-7\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Albert-Gautier-NDIONE-150x150.png\" alt=\"Albert Gautier Ndione\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Albert Gautier Ndione<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Universit\u00e9 Cheikh Anta Diop<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/alexander-makulilo-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"alexander makulilo\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-6\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Alexander-150x150.png\" alt=\"Alexander Makulilo\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Alexander Makulilo<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/alexander-makulilo\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"alexander makulilo\"\n                   data-org=\"university of dar es salaam\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-0\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Alexander-150x150.png\" alt=\"Alexander Makulilo\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Alexander Makulilo<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>University of Dar es Salaam<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/alioune-fall-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"alioune fall\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-7\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/photo-150x150.webp\" alt=\"Alioune Fall\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Alioune Fall<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/alioune-fall\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"alioune fall\"\n                   data-org=\"providence college\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-1\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/photo-150x150.webp\" alt=\"Alioune Fall\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Alioune Fall<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Providence College<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/amadou-thierno-gaye-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"amadou thierno gaye\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-3\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Amadou-Thierne-Gaye-150x150.png\" alt=\"Amadou Thierno Gaye\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Amadou Thierno Gaye<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/amadou-thierno-gaye\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"amadou thierno gaye\"\n                   data-org=\"universit\u00e9 cheikh anta diop\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-2\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Amadou-Thierne-Gaye-150x150.png\" alt=\"Amadou Thierno Gaye\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Amadou Thierno Gaye<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Universit\u00e9 Cheikh Anta Diop<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/ameth-diallo-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"ameth diallo\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-3\">\n                                                        AD                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Ameth Diallo<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/ameth-diallo-1\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"ameth diallo\"\n                   data-org=\"universit\u00e9 gaston berger\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"enseignant-chercheur\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-4\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Ameth-Diallo--150x150.png\" alt=\"Ameth Diallo\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Ameth Diallo<\/div>\n                                                        <div class=\"gau-role\">Enseignant-chercheur<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Universit\u00e9 Gaston Berger<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/anta-betty-kanteye-1\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"anta betty kanteye\"\n                   data-org=\"universit\u00e9 cheikh anta diop\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-3\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Anta-Betty-KANTEYE-150x150.png\" alt=\"Anta Betty Kanteye\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Anta Betty Kanteye<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Universit\u00e9 Cheikh Anta Diop<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/anta-betty-kanteye-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"anta betty kant\u00e8ye\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-1\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Anta-Betty-KANTEYE-150x150.png\" alt=\"Anta Betty Kant\u00e8ye\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Anta Betty Kant\u00e8ye<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/appolinaire-d-gnanvi\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"appolinaire d. gnanvi\"\n                   data-org=\"universit\u00e9 d\u2019abomey-calavi\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-4\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Appolinaire-D-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Appolinaire D. Gnanvi\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Appolinaire D. Gnanvi<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Universit\u00e9 d\u2019Abomey-Calavi<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/appolinaire-d-gnanvi-1\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"appolinaire d. gnanvi\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-4\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Appolinaire-D-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Appolinaire D. Gnanvi\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Appolinaire D. Gnanvi<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/arnold-dilane-momou-tchinda-1\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"arnold dilane momou tchinda\"\n                   data-org=\"universit\u00e9 de yaound\u00e9 ii\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-5\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Arnold-Dilane-Momou-Tchinda--150x150.png\" alt=\"Arnold Dilane Momou Tchinda\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Arnold Dilane Momou Tchinda<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Universit\u00e9 de Yaound\u00e9 II<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/arnold-dilane-momou-tchinda-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"arnold dilane momou tchinda\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-2\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Arnold-Dilane-Momou-Tchinda--150x150.png\" alt=\"Arnold Dilane Momou Tchinda\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Arnold Dilane Momou Tchinda<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/arona-diedhiou-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"arona diedhiou\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-0\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Arona-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Arona Diedhiou\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Arona Diedhiou<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/arona-diedhiou\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"arona diedhiou\"\n                   data-org=\"universit\u00e9 f\u00e9lix houphou\u00ebt boigny\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-6\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Arona-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Arona Diedhiou\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Arona Diedhiou<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Universit\u00e9 F\u00e9lix Houphou\u00ebt Boigny<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/assane-diankha-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"assane diankha\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-5\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Assane-Diankha--150x150.png\" alt=\"Assane Diankha\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Assane Diankha<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/assane-diankha-1\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"assane diankha\"\n                   data-org=\"minist\u00e8re du commerce\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-7\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Assane-Diankha--150x150.png\" alt=\"Assane Diankha\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Assane Diankha<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Minist\u00e8re du commerce<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/awuve-innocent-azilan\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"awuv\u00e9 innocent azilan\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-0\">\n                                                        AA                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Awuv\u00e9 Innocent Azilan<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>1<\/strong>\n                            article                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                <div class=\"gau-letter-group\" id=\"gau-group-B\" data-letter=\"B\">\n            <div class=\"gau-letter-anchor\">\n                <h2>B<\/h2>\n                <div class=\"gau-letter-line\"><\/div>\n                <span class=\"gau-letter-count\">12 auteurs<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"gau-grid\">\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/babacar-toure-mandemory-1\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"babacar tour\u00e9 mand\u00e9mory\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-3\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Babacar-Toure-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Babacar Tour\u00e9 Mand\u00e9mory\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Babacar Tour\u00e9 Mand\u00e9mory<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/babacar-toure-mandemory\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"babacar tour\u00e9 mand\u00e9mory\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-0\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Babacar-Toure-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Babacar Tour\u00e9 Mand\u00e9mory\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Babacar Tour\u00e9 Mand\u00e9mory<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/bado-ndoye-1\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"bado ndoye\"\n                   data-org=\"universit\u00e9 cheikh anta diop\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-1\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Bado-Ndoye--150x150.png\" alt=\"Bado Ndoye\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Bado Ndoye<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Universit\u00e9 Cheikh Anta Diop<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/bado-ndoye-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"bado ndoye\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-7\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Bado-Ndoye--150x150.png\" alt=\"Bado Ndoye\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Bado Ndoye<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/bamba-ndiaye\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"bamba ndiaye\"\n                   data-org=\"emory university&#039;s oxford college\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-2\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Bamba-Ndiaye--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Bamba Ndiaye\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Bamba Ndiaye<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Emory University&#039;s Oxford College<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/bamba-ndiaye-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"bamba ndiaye\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-0\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Bamba-Ndiaye--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Bamba Ndiaye\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Bamba Ndiaye<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/baye-mballo-kebe-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"baye mballo k\u00e9b\u00e9\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-2\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Baye-Mballo-Kebe--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Baye Mballo K\u00e9b\u00e9\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Baye Mballo K\u00e9b\u00e9<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/baye-mballo-kebe\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"baye mballo k\u00e9b\u00e9\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-3\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Baye-Mballo-Kebe--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Baye Mballo K\u00e9b\u00e9\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Baye Mballo K\u00e9b\u00e9<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/boubacar-diallo-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"boubacar diallo\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-0\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Boubacar-Diallo--150x150.png\" alt=\"Boubacar Diallo\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Boubacar Diallo<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>4<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/boubacar-diallo\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"boubacar diallo\"\n                   data-org=\"carapaces \u2013 strat\u00e9gies &amp; conformit\u00e9s\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"expert en droit du num\u00e9rique\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-4\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Boubacar-Diallo--150x150.png\" alt=\"Boubacar Diallo\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Boubacar Diallo<\/div>\n                                                        <div class=\"gau-role\">Expert en droit du num\u00e9rique<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Carapaces \u2013 Strat\u00e9gies &amp; Conformit\u00e9s<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/bouchra-sidi-hida-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"bouchra sidi-hida\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-4\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Bouchra-Sidi-150x150.png\" alt=\"Bouchra Sidi-Hida\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Bouchra Sidi-Hida<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/bouchra-sidi-hida\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"bouchra sidi-hida\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-5\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Bouchra-Sidi-150x150.png\" alt=\"Bouchra Sidi-Hida\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Bouchra Sidi-Hida<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                <div class=\"gau-letter-group\" id=\"gau-group-C\" data-letter=\"C\">\n            <div class=\"gau-letter-anchor\">\n                <h2>C<\/h2>\n                <div class=\"gau-letter-line\"><\/div>\n                <span class=\"gau-letter-count\">32 auteurs<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"gau-grid\">\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/calvin-minfegue-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"calvin minfegue\"\n                   data-org=\"universit\u00e9 catholique d\u2019afrique centrale\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"g\u00e9ographe\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-3\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Calvin-Minfegue--150x150.png\" alt=\"Calvin Minfegue\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Calvin Minfegue<\/div>\n                                                        <div class=\"gau-role\">g\u00e9ographe<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Universit\u00e9 Catholique d\u2019Afrique Centrale<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/calvin-minfegue-1\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"calvin minfegue\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-5\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Calvin-Minfegue--150x150.png\" alt=\"Calvin Minfegue\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Calvin Minfegue<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/caterina-mazzilli\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"caterina mazzilli\"\n                   data-org=\"equity and social policy\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-6\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Caterina-Mazzilli--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Caterina Mazzilli\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Caterina Mazzilli<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Equity and Social Policy<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/caterina-mazzilli-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"caterina mazzilli\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-2\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Caterina-Mazzilli--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Caterina Mazzilli\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Caterina Mazzilli<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/catherine-baron\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"catherine baron\"\n                   data-org=\"lereps-sciences po toulouse\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-7\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Catherine-Baron--150x150.png\" alt=\"Catherine Baron\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Catherine Baron<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>LEREPS-Sciences Po Toulouse<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/catherine-baron-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"catherine baron\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-1\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Catherine-Baron--150x150.png\" alt=\"Catherine Baron\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Catherine Baron<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/catherine-liousse\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"catherine liousse\"\n                   data-org=\"cnrs\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-0\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Catherine-Liousse--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Catherine Liousse\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Catherine Liousse<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>CNRS<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/catherine-liousse-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"catherine liousse\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-4\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Catherine-Liousse--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Catherine Liousse\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Catherine Liousse<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/cecelia-lynch-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"cecelia lynch\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-3\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Cecelia-Lynch--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Cecelia Lynch\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Cecelia Lynch<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/cecelia-lynch\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"cecelia lynch\"\n                   data-org=\"universit\u00e9 de californie\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-1\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Cecelia-Lynch--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Cecelia Lynch\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Cecelia Lynch<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Universit\u00e9 de Californie<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/charlene-komuntale\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"charlene komuntale\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-5\">\n                                                        CK                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Charlene Komuntale<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>1<\/strong>\n                            article                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/charles-gueboguo-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"charles gueboguo\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-0\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Charles-Gueboguo--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Charles Gueboguo\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Charles Gueboguo<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/charles-gueboguo\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"charles gueboguo\"\n                   data-org=\"washington international school, washington dc\"\n                   data-country=\"Washington DC\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-2\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Charles-Gueboguo--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Charles Gueboguo\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Charles Gueboguo<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Washington International School, Washington DC<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"gau-country\">Washington DC<\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/charly-tsala-ondobo\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"charly tsala ondobo\"\n                   data-org=\"universit\u00e9 de ngaound\u00e9r\u00e9\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-3\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Charly-Tsala-Ondobo--150x150.png\" alt=\"Charly Tsala Ondobo\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Charly Tsala Ondobo<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Universit\u00e9 de Ngaound\u00e9r\u00e9<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>1<\/strong>\n                            article                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/charly-tsala-ondobo-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"charly tsala ondobo\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-4\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Charly-Tsala-Ondobo--150x150.png\" alt=\"Charly Tsala Ondobo\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Charly Tsala Ondobo<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>1<\/strong>\n                            article                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/cheikh-abdoul-ahad-mbacke-ba\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"cheikh abdoul ahad mback\u00e9 ba\"\n                   data-org=\"universit\u00e9 cheikh anta diop\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-4\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Cheikh-Abdoul-Ahad-Mbacke-Ba--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Cheikh Abdoul Ahad Mback\u00e9 Ba\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Cheikh Abdoul Ahad Mback\u00e9 Ba<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Universit\u00e9 Cheikh Anta Diop<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/cheikh-abdoul-ahad-mbacke-ba-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"cheikh abdoul ahad mback\u00e9 ba\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-7\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Cheikh-Abdoul-Ahad-Mbacke-Ba--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Cheikh Abdoul Ahad Mback\u00e9 Ba\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Cheikh Abdoul Ahad Mback\u00e9 Ba<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/cheikh-cisse\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"cheikh ciss\u00e9\"\n                   data-org=\"african studies centre universit\u00e9 de leiden\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-5\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Cheikh-Cisse--150x150.png\" alt=\"Cheikh Ciss\u00e9\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Cheikh Ciss\u00e9<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>African Studies Centre Universit\u00e9 de Leiden<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/cheikh-cisse-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"cheikh ciss\u00e9\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-6\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Cheikh-Cisse--150x150.png\" alt=\"Cheikh Ciss\u00e9\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Cheikh Ciss\u00e9<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>3<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/cheikh-sadibou-sakho-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"cheikh sadibou sakho\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-7\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Cheikh-Sadibou-Sakho--150x150.png\" alt=\"Cheikh Sadibou Sakho\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Cheikh Sadibou Sakho<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>8<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/cheikh-sadibou-sakho-1\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"cheikh sadibou sakho\"\n                   data-org=\"universit\u00e9 gaston berger\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-6\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Cheikh-Sadibou-Sakho--150x150.png\" alt=\"Cheikh Sadibou Sakho\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Cheikh Sadibou Sakho<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Universit\u00e9 Gaston Berger<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/cheikh-thiam\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"cheikh thiam\"\n                   data-org=\"amherst college\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-7\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Cheikh-Thiam--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Cheikh Thiam\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Cheikh Thiam<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Amherst College<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/cheikh-thiam-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"cheikh thiam\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-4\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Cheikh-Thiam--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Cheikh Thiam\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Cheikh Thiam<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>5<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/chikouna-cisse-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"chikouna ciss\u00e9\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-2\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Chikouna-Cisse--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Chikouna Ciss\u00e9\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Chikouna Ciss\u00e9<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/chikouna-cisse\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"chikouna ciss\u00e9\"\n                   data-org=\"universite\u0301 fe\u0301lix houphouet boigny d\u2019abidjan\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-0\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Chikouna-Cisse--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Chikouna Ciss\u00e9\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Chikouna Ciss\u00e9<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Universite\u0301 Fe\u0301lix Houphouet Boigny d\u2019Abidjan<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/cilas-kemedjio\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"cilas kemedjio\"\n                   data-org=\"universit\u00e9 de rochester\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-1\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Cilas-Kemedjio--150x150.png\" alt=\"Cilas Kemedjio\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Cilas Kemedjio<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Universit\u00e9 de Rochester<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/cilas-kemedjio-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"cilas kemedjio\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-1\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Cilas-Kemedjio--150x150.png\" alt=\"Cilas Kemedjio\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Cilas Kemedjio<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>3<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/claire-lefort-rieu\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"claire lefort-rieu\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-6\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Claire-Lefort-Rieux--150x150.png\" alt=\"Claire Lefort-Rieu\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Claire Lefort-Rieu<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/claire-lefort-rieux-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"claire lefort-rieux\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-4\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Claire-Lefort-Rieux--150x150.png\" alt=\"Claire Lefort-Rieux\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Claire Lefort-Rieux<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/claudine-valerie-b-rouamba-ouedraogo-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"claudine val\u00e9rie b. rouamba-ouedraogo\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-3\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Claudine-Valerie-B.-Rouamba-Ouedraogo--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Claudine Val\u00e9rie B. Rouamba-Ouedraogo\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Claudine Val\u00e9rie B. Rouamba-Ouedraogo<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/claudine-valerie-b-rouamba-ouedraogo\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"claudine val\u00e9rie b. rouamba-ouedraogo\"\n                   data-org=\"universit\u00e9 joseph ki-zerbo\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-2\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Claudine-Valerie-B.-Rouamba-Ouedraogo--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Claudine Val\u00e9rie B. Rouamba-Ouedraogo\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Claudine Val\u00e9rie B. Rouamba-Ouedraogo<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Universit\u00e9 Joseph Ki-Zerbo<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/cyprian-nanji\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"cyprian nanji\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-4\">\n                                                        CN                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Cyprian Nanji<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>1<\/strong>\n                            article                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                <div class=\"gau-letter-group\" id=\"gau-group-D\" data-letter=\"D\">\n            <div class=\"gau-letter-anchor\">\n                <h2>D<\/h2>\n                <div class=\"gau-letter-line\"><\/div>\n                <span class=\"gau-letter-count\">9 auteurs<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"gau-grid\">\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/dan-wolf-meyrowitsch\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"dan wolf meyrowitsch\"\n                   data-org=\"universit\u00e9 de copenhague\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-3\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Dan-Wolf-Meyrowitsch--150x150.png\" alt=\"Dan Wolf Meyrowitsch\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Dan Wolf Meyrowitsch<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Universit\u00e9 de Copenhague<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/dan-wolf-meyrowitsch-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"dan wolf meyrowitsch\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-4\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Dan-Wolf-Meyrowitsch--150x150.png\" alt=\"Dan Wolf Meyrowitsch\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Dan Wolf Meyrowitsch<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/david-mills\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"david mills\"\n                   data-org=\"university of oxford\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-4\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/David-Mills--150x150.png\" alt=\"David Mills\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">David Mills<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>University of Oxford<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/david-mills-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"david mills\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-1\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/David-Mills--150x150.png\" alt=\"David Mills\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">David Mills<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>4<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/didier-fassin-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"didier fassin\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-5\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Didier-Fassin--150x150.png\" alt=\"Didier Fassin\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Didier Fassin<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/didier-fassin\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"didier fassin\"\n                   data-org=\"coll\u00e8ge de france\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-5\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Didier-Fassin--150x150.png\" alt=\"Didier Fassin\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Didier Fassin<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Coll\u00e8ge de France<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/dobrene-e-omarde\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"dobrene e. o&#039;marde\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-5\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/photo-150x150.webp\" alt=\"Dobrene E. O&#039;Marde\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Dobrene E. O&#039;Marde<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/dorbrene-e-omarde\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"dorbrene e. o&#039;marde\"\n                   data-org=\"caribbean community and common market\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-6\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/photo-150x150.webp\" alt=\"Dorbrene E. O&#039;Marde\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Dorbrene E. O&#039;Marde<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Caribbean Community and Common Market<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/ndeye-khady-diop\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"nd\u00e8ye khady diop\"\n                   data-org=\"gaston berger university\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"doctoral student\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-1\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Ndeye-Khady-Diop-e1776681379780-150x150.jpeg\" alt=\"Nd\u00e8ye Khady Diop\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Nd\u00e8ye Khady Diop<\/div>\n                                                        <div class=\"gau-role\">Doctoral student<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Gaston Berger University<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>1<\/strong>\n                            article                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                <div class=\"gau-letter-group\" id=\"gau-group-E\" data-letter=\"E\">\n            <div class=\"gau-letter-anchor\">\n                <h2>E<\/h2>\n                <div class=\"gau-letter-line\"><\/div>\n                <span class=\"gau-letter-count\">11 auteurs<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"gau-grid\">\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/el-hadj-mbaye-1\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"el hadj mbaye\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-7\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/photo-150x150.webp\" alt=\"El Hadj Mbaye\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">El Hadj Mbaye<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/el-hadj-mbaye\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"el hadj mbaye\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-7\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/photo-150x150.webp\" alt=\"El Hadj Mbaye\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">El Hadj Mbaye<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/el-hadj-mbaye-2\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"el hadj mbaye\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-4\">\n                                                        EM                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">El Hadj Mbaye<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>1<\/strong>\n                            article                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/el-hadji-malick-sy-camara-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"el hadji malick sy camara\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-3\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/EL-Hadji-Malick-Sy-Camara-150x150.png\" alt=\"EL Hadji Malick Sy Camara\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">EL Hadji Malick Sy Camara<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/el-hadji-malick-sy-camara-1\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"el hadji malick sy camara\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-1\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/EL-Hadji-Malick-Sy-Camara-1-150x150.png\" alt=\"El Hadji Malick Sy Camara\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">El Hadji Malick Sy Camara<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/elise-fitte-duval-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"elise fitte-duval\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-6\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Elise-Fitte-Duval--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Elise Fitte-Duval\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Elise Fitte-Duval<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/elise-fitte-duval\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"elise fitte-duval\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"curatrice\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-2\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Elise-Fitte-Duval--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Elise Fitte-Duval\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Elise Fitte-Duval<\/div>\n                                                        <div class=\"gau-role\">curatrice<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/elizabeth-abena-osei\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"elizabeth abena osei\"\n                   data-org=\"university of maryland\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-3\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Elizabeth-Abena-Osei--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Elizabeth Abena Osei\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Elizabeth Abena Osei<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>University of Maryland<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/elizabeth-abena-osei-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"elizabeth abena osei\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-1\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Elizabeth-Abena-Osei--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Elizabeth Abena Osei\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Elizabeth Abena Osei<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/emmanuelle-lavallee-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"emmanuelle lavall\u00e9e\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-2\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Emmanuelle-Lavallee--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Emmanuelle Lavall\u00e9e\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Emmanuelle Lavall\u00e9e<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/emmanuelle-lavallee\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"emmanuelle lavall\u00e9e\"\n                   data-org=\"universit\u00e9 paris-dauphine\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-4\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Emmanuelle-Lavallee--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Emmanuelle Lavall\u00e9e\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Emmanuelle Lavall\u00e9e<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Universit\u00e9 Paris-Dauphine<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                <div class=\"gau-letter-group\" id=\"gau-group-F\" data-letter=\"F\">\n            <div class=\"gau-letter-anchor\">\n                <h2>F<\/h2>\n                <div class=\"gau-letter-line\"><\/div>\n                <span class=\"gau-letter-count\">17 auteurs<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"gau-grid\">\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/fadel-soubiane-bah\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"fadel soubiane bah\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-7\">\n                                                        FB                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Fadel Soubiane Bah<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>1<\/strong>\n                            article                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/faisal-garba\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"faisal garba\"\n                   data-org=\"universit\u00e9 du cap\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-6\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Faisal-Garba--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Faisal Garba\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Faisal Garba<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Universit\u00e9 du Cap<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/faisal-garba-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"faisal garba\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-3\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Faisal-Garba--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Faisal Garba\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Faisal Garba<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>7<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/fanny-attas\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"fanny attas\"\n                   data-org=\"institut de recherche pour le d\u00e9veloppement (transvihmi) centre de recherche et de formation en infectiologie de guin\u00e9e\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-7\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Fanny-Attas--150x150.png\" alt=\"Fanny Attas\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Fanny Attas<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Institut de recherche pour le d\u00e9veloppement (TransVIHMI) Centre de recherche et de formation en infectiologie de Guin\u00e9e<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/fanny-attas-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"fanny attas\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-0\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Fanny-Attas--150x150.png\" alt=\"Fanny Attas\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Fanny Attas<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/fatima-sadiqi\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"fatima sadiqi\"\n                   data-org=\"universit\u00e9 sidi mohamed ben abdellah\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-0\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Fatima-Sadiqi--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Fatima Sadiqi\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Fatima Sadiqi<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Universit\u00e9 Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/fatima-sadiqi-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"fatima sadiqi\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-1\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Fatima-Sadiqi--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Fatima Sadiqi\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Fatima Sadiqi<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/felwine-sarr-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"felwine sarr\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-4\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Felwine-Sarr--150x150.png\" alt=\"Felwine Sarr\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Felwine Sarr<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>6<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/felwine-sarr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"felwine sarr\"\n                   data-org=\"universit\u00e9 de duke\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-1\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Felwine-Sarr--150x150.png\" alt=\"Felwine Sarr\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Felwine Sarr<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Universit\u00e9 de Duke<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/firmin-mbala-1\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"firmin mbala\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-5\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Firmin-Mbala-150x150.png\" alt=\"FIrmin Mbala\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">FIrmin Mbala<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/firmin-mbala-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"firmin mbala\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-6\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Firmin-Mbala-150x150.png\" alt=\"Firmin Mbala\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Firmin Mbala<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>5<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/franky-brice-kogueda-afia-1\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"franky brice kogueda afia\"\n                   data-org=\"universit\u00e9 de douala\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-2\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Franky-Brice-Kogueda-Afia--150x150.png\" alt=\"Franky Brice Kogueda Afia\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Franky Brice Kogueda Afia<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Universit\u00e9 de Douala<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/franky-brice-kogueda-afia-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"franky brice kogueda afia\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-0\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Franky-Brice-Kogueda-Afia--150x150.png\" alt=\"Franky Brice Kogueda Afia\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Franky Brice Kogueda Afia<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/fred-eboko\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"fred \u00c9boko\"\n                   data-org=\"universit\u00e9 paris-cit\u00e9\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-3\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Fred-Eboko--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Fred \u00c9boko\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Fred \u00c9boko<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Universit\u00e9 Paris-Cit\u00e9<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/fred-eboko-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"fred \u00c9boko\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-1\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Fred-Eboko--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Fred \u00c9boko\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Fred \u00c9boko<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/frederic-le-marcis\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric le marcis\"\n                   data-org=\"ecole normale sup\u00e9rieure de lyon\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-4\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Frederic-Le-Marcis--150x150.png\" alt=\"Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Le Marcis\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Le Marcis<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Ecole normale sup\u00e9rieure de Lyon<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/frederic-le-marcis-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric le marcis\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-3\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Frederic-Le-Marcis--150x150.png\" alt=\"Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Le Marcis\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Le Marcis<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                <div class=\"gau-letter-group\" id=\"gau-group-G\" data-letter=\"G\">\n            <div class=\"gau-letter-anchor\">\n                <h2>G<\/h2>\n                <div class=\"gau-letter-line\"><\/div>\n                <span class=\"gau-letter-count\">14 auteurs<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"gau-grid\">\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/gabin-korbeogo-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"gabin korb\u00e9ogo\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-5\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Gabin-Korbeogo--150x150.png\" alt=\"Gabin Korb\u00e9ogo\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Gabin Korb\u00e9ogo<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/gabin-korbeogo\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"gabin korb\u00e9ogo\"\n                   data-org=\"universit\u00e9 joseph ki-zerbo\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-5\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Gabin-Korbeogo--150x150.png\" alt=\"Gabin Korb\u00e9ogo\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Gabin Korb\u00e9ogo<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Universit\u00e9 Joseph Ki-Zerbo<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/gassim-sylla-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"gassim sylla\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-6\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Gassim-Sylla--150x150.png\" alt=\"Gassim Sylla\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Gassim Sylla<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/gassim-sylla\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"gassim sylla\"\n                   data-org=\"\u00c9cole nationale sup\u00e9rieure de lyon\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-6\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Gassim-Sylla--150x150.png\" alt=\"Gassim Sylla\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Gassim Sylla<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>\u00c9cole Nationale Sup\u00e9rieure de Lyon<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/geoffrey-carrere-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"geoffrey carrere\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-5\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Geoffrey-Carrere--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Geoffrey Carrere\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Geoffrey Carrere<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/geoffrey-carrere\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"geoffrey carrere\"\n                   data-org=\"universit\u00e9 f\u00e9lix-houphou\u00ebt-boigny\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-7\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Geoffrey-Carrere--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Geoffrey Carrere\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Geoffrey Carrere<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Universit\u00e9 F\u00e9lix-Houphou\u00ebt-Boigny<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/george-rouamba\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"george rouamba\"\n                   data-org=\"universit\u00e9 joseph ki-zerbo\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-0\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/George-Rouamba--150x150.png\" alt=\"George Rouamba\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">George Rouamba<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Universit\u00e9 Joseph Ki-Zerbo<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/george-rouamba-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"george rouamba\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-4\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/George-Rouamba--150x150.png\" alt=\"George Rouamba\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">George Rouamba<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>4<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/giulia-bonacci\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"giulia bonacci\"\n                   data-org=\"institut de recherche pour le d\u00e9veloppement\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-1\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Giulia-Bonacci--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Giulia Bonacci\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Giulia Bonacci<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Institut de Recherche pour le D\u00e9veloppement<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/giulia-bonacci-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"giulia bonacci\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-6\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Giulia-Bonacci--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Giulia Bonacci\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Giulia Bonacci<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/global-africa-1\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"global africa\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-0\">\n                                                        GA                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Global Africa<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/global-africa\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"global africa\"\n                   data-org=\"universit\u00e9 gaston berger\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-1\">\n                                                        GA                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Global Africa<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Universit\u00e9 Gaston Berger<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>126<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/guate-mao-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"guate mao\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-5\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Guate-Mao--150x150.webp\" alt=\"Guate Mao\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Guate Mao<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/guate-mao-1\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"guat\u00e9 mao\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-2\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Guate-Mao--150x150.webp\" alt=\"Guat\u00e9 Mao\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Guat\u00e9 Mao<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                <div class=\"gau-letter-group\" id=\"gau-group-H\" data-letter=\"H\">\n            <div class=\"gau-letter-anchor\">\n                <h2>H<\/h2>\n                <div class=\"gau-letter-line\"><\/div>\n                <span class=\"gau-letter-count\">6 auteurs<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"gau-grid\">\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/hajer-gueldich-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"hajer gueldich\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-4\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Fred-Eboko-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Hajer Gueldich\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Hajer Gueldich<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/hajer-gueldich-1\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"hajer gueldich\"\n                   data-org=\"universit\u00e9 de carthage\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-3\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Fred-Eboko-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Hajer Gueldich\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Hajer Gueldich<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Universit\u00e9 de Carthage<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/hamidou-sanou\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"hamidou sanou\"\n                   data-org=\"universit\u00e9 joseph ki- zerbo\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-4\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Hamidou-Sanou--150x150.png\" alt=\"Hamidou Sanou\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Hamidou Sanou<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Universit\u00e9 Joseph Ki- Zerbo<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/hamidou-sanou-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"hamidou sanou\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-6\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Hamidou-Sanou--150x150.png\" alt=\"Hamidou Sanou\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Hamidou Sanou<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/helle-samuelsen\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"helle samuelsen\"\n                   data-org=\"universit\u00e9 de copenhague\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-5\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Helle-Samuelsen--150x150.png\" alt=\"Helle Samuelsen\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Helle Samuelsen<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Universit\u00e9 de Copenhague<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/helle-samuelsen-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"helle samuelsen\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-7\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Helle-Samuelsen--150x150.png\" alt=\"Helle Samuelsen\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Helle Samuelsen<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                <div class=\"gau-letter-group\" id=\"gau-group-I\" data-letter=\"I\">\n            <div class=\"gau-letter-anchor\">\n                <h2>I<\/h2>\n                <div class=\"gau-letter-line\"><\/div>\n                <span class=\"gau-letter-count\">17 auteurs<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"gau-grid\">\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/ibrahima-ba-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"ibrahima ba\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-4\">\n                                                        IB                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Ibrahima Ba<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/ibrahima-k-kante\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"ibrahima k. kant\u00e9\"\n                   data-org=\"universit\u00e9 cheikh anta diop\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-6\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/photo-150x150.webp\" alt=\"Ibrahima K. Kant\u00e9\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Ibrahima K. Kant\u00e9<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Universit\u00e9 Cheikh Anta Diop<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/ibrahima-k-kante-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"ibrahima k. kant\u00e9\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-2\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/photo-150x150.webp\" alt=\"Ibrahima K. Kant\u00e9\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Ibrahima K. Kant\u00e9<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/ibrahima-kane-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"ibrahima kane\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-1\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Ibrahima-kane-150x150.png\" alt=\"Ibrahima Kane\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Ibrahima Kane<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>4<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/ibrahima-kane-1\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"ibrahima kane\"\n                   data-org=\"open society foundation\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-7\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Ibrahima-kane-150x150.png\" alt=\"Ibrahima Kane\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Ibrahima Kane<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Open Society Foundation<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/ibrahima-mohamadou\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"ibrahima mohamadou\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-6\">\n                                                        IM                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Ibrahima Mohamadou<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>1<\/strong>\n                            article                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/ibrahima-soce-fall-1\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"ibrahima soc\u00e9 fall\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-1\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Ibrahima-Soce-Fall--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Ibrahima Soc\u00e9 Fall\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Ibrahima Soc\u00e9 Fall<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/ibrahima-soce-fall\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"ibrahima soc\u00e9 fall\"\n                   data-org=\"organisation mondiale de la sant\u00e9\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-0\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Ibrahima-Soce-Fall--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Ibrahima Soc\u00e9 Fall\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Ibrahima Soc\u00e9 Fall<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>organisation mondiale de la sant\u00e9<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/ibrahima-soce-fall-2\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"ibrahima soc\u00e9 fall\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-5\">\n                                                        IF                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Ibrahima Soc\u00e9 Fall<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>1<\/strong>\n                            article                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/idrissou-mounpe-chare\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"idrissou mounpe chare\"\n                   data-org=\"universit\u00e9 de maroua\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-1\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Idrissou-Mounpe-Chare--150x150.png\" alt=\"Idrissou Mounpe Chare\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Idrissou Mounpe Chare<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Universit\u00e9 de Maroua<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/idrissou-mounpe-chare-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"idrissou mounpe chare\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-7\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Idrissou-Mounpe-Chare--150x150.png\" alt=\"Idrissou Mounpe Chare\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Idrissou Mounpe Chare<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/isatou-touray-1\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"isatou touray\"\n                   data-org=\"universit\u00e9 de maroua\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-2\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Dr_Touray_photo.width-446-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Isatou Touray\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Isatou Touray<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Universit\u00e9 de Maroua<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/isatou-touray-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"isatou touray\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-0\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Dr_Touray_photo.width-446-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Isatou Touray\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Isatou Touray<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/issa-shivji-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"issa shivji\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-5\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Issa-Shivji--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Issa Shivji\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Issa Shivji<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/issa-shivji\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"issa shivji\"\n                   data-org=\"universit\u00e9 de dar es salaam\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-3\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Issa-Shivji--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Issa Shivji\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Issa Shivji<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Universit\u00e9 de Dar es Salaam<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/issifou-abou-moumouni-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"issifou abou moumouni\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-0\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Issoufou-Abdou-Moumouni--150x150.png\" alt=\"Issifou Abou Moumouni\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Issifou Abou Moumouni<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/issoufou-abdou-moumouni\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"issoufou abdou moumouni\"\n                   data-org=\"universit\u00e9 de bayreuth\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-4\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Issoufou-Abdou-Moumouni--150x150.png\" alt=\"Issoufou Abdou Moumouni\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Issoufou Abdou Moumouni<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Universit\u00e9 de Bayreuth<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                <div class=\"gau-letter-group\" id=\"gau-group-J\" data-letter=\"J\">\n            <div class=\"gau-letter-anchor\">\n                <h2>J<\/h2>\n                <div class=\"gau-letter-line\"><\/div>\n                <span class=\"gau-letter-count\">16 auteurs<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"gau-grid\">\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/jacky-bouju-2\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"jacky bouju\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-3\">\n                                                        JB                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Jacky Bouju<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>1<\/strong>\n                            article                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/jacky-bouju\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"jacky bouju\"\n                   data-org=\"aix-marseille universit\u00e9\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-5\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Jacky-Bouju--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Jacky Bouju\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Jacky Bouju<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Aix-Marseille Universit\u00e9<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/jacky-bouju-1\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"jacky bouju\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-2\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Jacky-Bouju--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Jacky Bouju\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Jacky Bouju<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/jacqueline-sawadogo\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"jacqueline sawadogo\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-1\">\n                                                        JS                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Jacqueline Sawadogo<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>1<\/strong>\n                            article                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/jacques-tshiwabwa-kuditshini\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"jacques tshiwabwa kuditshini\"\n                   data-org=\"universit\u00e9 de kinshasa\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-6\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Jacques-Tshiwabwa-Kuditshini--150x150.png\" alt=\"Jacques Tshiwabwa Kuditshini\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Jacques Tshiwabwa Kuditshini<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Universit\u00e9 de Kinshasa<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/jacques-tshiwabwa-kuditshini-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"jacques tshiwabwa kuditshini\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-7\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Jacques-Tshiwabwa-Kuditshini--150x150.png\" alt=\"Jacques Tshiwabwa Kuditshini\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Jacques Tshiwabwa Kuditshini<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/jean-francois-caremel-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"jean-fran\u00e7ois caremel\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-2\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Jean-Francois-Caremel--150x150.png\" alt=\"Jean-Fran\u00e7ois Caremel\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Jean-Fran\u00e7ois Caremel<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/jean-francois-caremel\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"jean-francois caremel\"\n                   data-org=\"laboratoire d\u2019\u00e9tudes et de recherches sur les dynamiques sociales et le d\u00e9veloppement local (lasdel)\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-0\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Jean-Francois-Caremel-1-1-150x150.png\" alt=\"Jean-Francois Caremel\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Jean-Francois Caremel<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>laboratoire d\u2019\u00e9tudes et de recherches sur les dynamiques sociales et le d\u00e9veloppement local (LASDEL)<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/jean-pierre-olivier-de-sardan-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"jean-pierre olivier de sardan\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-2\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Jean-Pierre-Olivier-de-Sardan--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Jean-Pierre Olivier de Sardan\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Jean-Pierre Olivier de Sardan<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>4<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/jean-pierre-olivier-de-sardan\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"jean-pierre olivier de sardan\"\n                   data-org=\"universit\u00e9 abdou moumouni de niamey\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-7\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Jean-Pierre-Olivier-de-Sardan--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Jean-Pierre Olivier de Sardan\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Jean-Pierre Olivier de Sardan<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Universit\u00e9 Abdou Moumouni de Niamey<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/jessica-hagen-zanker\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"jessica hagen-zanker\"\n                   data-org=\"equity and social policy\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-0\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Jessica-Hagen-Zanker--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Jessica Hagen-Zanker\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Jessica Hagen-Zanker<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Equity and Social Policy<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/jessica-hagen-zanker-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"jessica hagen-zanker\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-4\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Jessica-Hagen-Zanker--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Jessica Hagen-Zanker\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Jessica Hagen-Zanker<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/john-ayotunde-tunde-isola-bewaji\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"john ayotunde (tunde) isola bewaji\"\n                   data-org=\"p. j. patterson institute for africa caribbean advocacy\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-1\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/John-Ayotunde-Tunde-Isola-Bewaji--150x150.png\" alt=\"John Ayotunde (Tunde) Isola Bewaji\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">John Ayotunde (Tunde) Isola Bewaji<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>P. J. Patterson Institute for Africa Caribbean Advocacy<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/john-ayotunde-tunde-isola-bewaji-1\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"john ayotunde (tunde) isola bewaji\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-3\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/John-Ayotunde-Tunde-Isola-Bewaji--150x150.png\" alt=\"John Ayotunde (Tunde) Isola Bewaji\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">John Ayotunde (Tunde) Isola Bewaji<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/josiane-tantchou\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"josiane tantchou\"\n                   data-org=\"cnrs\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-2\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Josiane-Tantchou--150x150.png\" alt=\"Josiane Tantchou\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Josiane Tantchou<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>CNRS<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/josiane-tantchou-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"josiane tantchou\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-4\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Josiane-Tantchou--150x150.png\" alt=\"Josiane Tantchou\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Josiane Tantchou<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                <div class=\"gau-letter-group\" id=\"gau-group-K\" data-letter=\"K\">\n            <div class=\"gau-letter-anchor\">\n                <h2>K<\/h2>\n                <div class=\"gau-letter-line\"><\/div>\n                <span class=\"gau-letter-count\">4 auteurs<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"gau-grid\">\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/kalewongel-minale\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"kalewongel minale\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-6\">\n                                                        KM                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Kalewongel Minale<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>1<\/strong>\n                            article                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/karine-collette-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"karine collette\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-3\">\n                                                        KC                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Karine Collette<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/kwabena-opoku-agyemang-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"kwabena opoku-agyemang\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-2\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Kwabena-Opoku-Agyemang--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Kwabena Opoku-Agyemang\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Kwabena Opoku-Agyemang<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/kwabena-opoku-agyemang\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"kwabena opoku-agyemang\"\n                   data-org=\"university of ghana\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-3\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Kwabena-Opoku-Agyemang--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Kwabena Opoku-Agyemang\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Kwabena Opoku-Agyemang<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>University of Ghana<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                <div class=\"gau-letter-group\" id=\"gau-group-L\" data-letter=\"L\">\n            <div class=\"gau-letter-anchor\">\n                <h2>L<\/h2>\n                <div class=\"gau-letter-line\"><\/div>\n                <span class=\"gau-letter-count\">6 auteurs<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"gau-grid\">\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/laetitia-atlani-duault-1\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"laetitia atlani-duault\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-4\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Laetitia-Atlani-Duault--150x150.png\" alt=\"Laetitia Atlani-Duault\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Laetitia Atlani-Duault<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/laetitia-atlani-duault-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"laetitia atlani-duault\"\n                   data-org=\"universit\u00e9 paris cit\u00e9\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-7\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Laetitia-Atlani-Duault--150x150.png\" alt=\"Laetitia Atlani-Duault\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Laetitia Atlani-Duault<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/larissa-kojoue-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"larissa kojou\u00e9\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-2\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Larissa-Kojoue-150x150.png\" alt=\"Larissa Kojou\u00e9\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Larissa Kojou\u00e9<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/lassina-kote\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"lassina kot\u00e9\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-3\">\n                                                        LK                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Lassina Kot\u00e9<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>1<\/strong>\n                            article                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/laurent-vidal-1\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"laurent vidal\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-5\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Laurent-Vidal--150x150.png\" alt=\"Laurent Vidal\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Laurent Vidal<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/laurent-vidal-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"laurent vidal\"\n                   data-org=\"ird\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-5\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Laurent-Vidal--150x150.png\" alt=\"Laurent Vidal\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Laurent Vidal<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>IRD<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                <div class=\"gau-letter-group\" id=\"gau-group-M\" data-letter=\"M\">\n            <div class=\"gau-letter-anchor\">\n                <h2>M<\/h2>\n                <div class=\"gau-letter-line\"><\/div>\n                <span class=\"gau-letter-count\">55 auteurs<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"gau-grid\">\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/mactar-seck-1\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"mactar seck\"\n                   data-org=\"commission \u00e9conomique pour l&#039;afrique\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-7\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Mactar-Seck--150x150.png\" alt=\"Mactar Seck\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Mactar Seck<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Commission \u00e9conomique pour l&#039;Afrique<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/mactar-seck-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"mactar seck\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-3\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Mactar-Seck--150x150.png\" alt=\"Mactar Seck\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Mactar Seck<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/madeleine-heming-markey\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"madeleine heming markey\"\n                   data-org=\"routledge, taylor &amp; francis\"\n                   data-country=\"Taylor &amp; Francis\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-0\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Madeleine-Heming-Markey--150x150.png\" alt=\"Madeleine Heming Markey\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Madeleine Heming Markey<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Routledge, Taylor &amp; Francis<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"gau-country\">Taylor &amp; Francis<\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/madeleine-heming-markey-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"madeleine heming markey\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-4\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Madeleine-Heming-Markey--150x150.png\" alt=\"Madeleine Heming Markey\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Madeleine Heming Markey<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/mahama-ouedraogo\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"mahama ouedraogo\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-1\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/photo-150x150.webp\" alt=\"Mahama Ouedraogo\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Mahama Ouedraogo<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/mahama-ouedraogo-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"mahama ouedraogo\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-6\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/photo-150x150.webp\" alt=\"Mahama Ouedraogo\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Mahama Ouedraogo<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/mahamadou-diawara\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"mahamadou diawara\"\n                   data-org=\"laboratoire andal\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-2\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Mahamadou-Diawara--150x150.png\" alt=\"Mahamadou Diawara\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Mahamadou Diawara<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Laboratoire Andal<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/mahamadou-diawara-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"mahamadou diawara\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-1\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Mahamadou-Diawara--150x150.png\" alt=\"Mahamadou Diawara\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Mahamadou Diawara<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/mahaman-tidjani-alou-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"mahaman tidjani alou\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-4\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Mahaman-Tidjani-Alou--149x150.jpg\" alt=\"Mahaman Tidjani Alou\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Mahaman Tidjani Alou<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>4<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/mahaman-tidjani-alou\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"mahaman tidjani alou\"\n                   data-org=\"lasdel\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-3\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Mahaman-Tidjani-Alou--149x150.jpg\" alt=\"Mahaman Tidjani Alou\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Mahaman Tidjani Alou<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>LASDEL<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/mairama-tamboura\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"ma\u00eframa tamboura\"\n                   data-org=\"universit\u00e9 joseph ki-zerbo\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-6\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Mairama-Tamboura--150x150.png\" alt=\"Ma\u00eframa Tamboura\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Ma\u00eframa Tamboura<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Universit\u00e9 Joseph Ki-Zerbo<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/mairama-tamboura-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"ma\u00eframa tamboura\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-2\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Mairama-Tamboura--150x150.png\" alt=\"Ma\u00eframa Tamboura\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Ma\u00eframa Tamboura<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/mamadou-aliou-diallo\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"mamadou aliou diallo\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-4\">\n                                                        MD                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Mamadou Aliou Diallo<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>1<\/strong>\n                            article                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/mamadou-diouf-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"mamadou diouf\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-3\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Mamadou-Diouf-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Mamadou Diouf\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Mamadou Diouf<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/mamadou-diouf\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"mamadou diouf\"\n                   data-org=\"universit\u00e9 colombia\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-4\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Mamadou-Diouf-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Mamadou Diouf\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Mamadou Diouf<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Universit\u00e9 Colombia<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/mamane-sani-souley-issoufou\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"mamane sani souley issoufou\"\n                   data-org=\"laboratoire d\u2019\u00e9tudes et de recherches sur les dynamiques sociales et le d\u00e9veloppement local (lasdel)\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-5\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Mamane-Sani-Souley-Issoufou--150x150.png\" alt=\"Mamane Sani Souley Issoufou\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Mamane Sani Souley Issoufou<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Laboratoire d\u2019\u00e9tudes et de recherches sur les dynamiques sociales et le d\u00e9veloppement local (LASDEL)<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/mamane-sani-souley-issoufou-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"mamane sani souley issoufou\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-3\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Mamane-Sani-Souley-Issoufou--150x150.png\" alt=\"Mamane Sani Souley Issoufou\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Mamane Sani Souley Issoufou<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/mame-penda-ba\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"mame-penda ba\"\n                   data-org=\"universit\u00e9 gaston berger\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-6\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Mame-Penda-Ba-Global-Africa-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Mame-Penda Ba\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Mame-Penda Ba<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Universit\u00e9 Gaston Berger<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>1<\/strong>\n                            article                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/mame-penda-ba-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"mame-penda ba\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-6\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Mame-Penda-Ba-Global-Africa-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Mame-Penda Ba\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Mame-Penda Ba<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>28<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/marian-nur-goni\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"marian nur goni\"\n                   data-org=\"universit\u00e9 paris viii vincennes-saint-denis, laboratoire arts des images et art contemporain (aiac)\"\n                   data-country=\"laboratoire Arts des images et art contemporain (AIAC)\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-7\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Marian-Nur-Goni--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Marian Nur Goni\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Marian Nur Goni<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Universit\u00e9 Paris VIII Vincennes-Saint-Denis, laboratoire Arts des images et art contemporain (AIAC)<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"gau-country\">laboratoire Arts des images et art contemporain (AIAC)<\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/marian-nur-goni-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"marian nur goni\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-7\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Marian-Nur-Goni--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Marian Nur Goni\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Marian Nur Goni<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/marie-helene-pereira-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"marie h\u00e9l\u00e8ne pereira\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-2\">\n                                                        MP                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Marie H\u00e9l\u00e8ne Pereira<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/marie-therese-mengue-1\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"marie th\u00e9r\u00e8se mengue\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-6\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Marie-Therese-Mengue--150x150.png\" alt=\"Marie Th\u00e9r\u00e8se Mengue\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Marie Th\u00e9r\u00e8se Mengue<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/marie-therese-mengue-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"marie-th\u00e9r\u00e8se mengue\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-6\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Marie-Therese-Mengue--150x150.png\" alt=\"Marie-Th\u00e9r\u00e8se Mengue\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Marie-Th\u00e9r\u00e8se Mengue<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/marine-scandella-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"marine scandella\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-6\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Marie-Therese-Mengue--150x150.png\" alt=\"Marine Scandella\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Marine Scandella<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/marine-scandella\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"marine scandella\"\n                   data-org=\"cnrs\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-1\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Marine-Scandella--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Marine Scandella\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Marine Scandella<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>CNRS<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/marion-mercier-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"marion mercier\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-3\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Marion-Mercier--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Marion Mercier\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Marion Mercier<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/marion-mercier\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"marion mercier\"\n                   data-org=\"cnrs\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-3\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Marion-Mercier--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Marion Mercier\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Marion Mercier<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>CNRS<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/masengesho-kamuzinzi\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"masengesho kamuzinzi\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-4\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Masengesho-kamuzinzi-150x150.webp\" alt=\"Masengesho kamuzinzi\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Masengesho kamuzinzi<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/masengesho-kamuzinzi-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"masengesho kamuzinzi\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-6\">\n                                                        MK                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Masengesho Kamuzinzi<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/masengesho-kamuzinzi-1\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"masengesho kamuzinzi\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-7\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Masengesho-kamuzinzi-150x150.webp\" alt=\"Masengesho Kamuzinzi\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Masengesho Kamuzinzi<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/massa-coulibaly\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"massa coulibaly\"\n                   data-org=\"groupe de recherche en \u00e9conomie appliqu\u00e9e et th\u00e9orique (great)\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-5\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Massa-Coulibaly--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Massa Coulibaly\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Massa Coulibaly<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Groupe de recherche en \u00e9conomie appliqu\u00e9e et th\u00e9orique (GREAT)<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/massa-coulibaly-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"massa coulibaly\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-4\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Massa-Coulibaly--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Massa Coulibaly\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Massa Coulibaly<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/masterchief-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"masterchief\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-0\">\n                                                        MA                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">masterchief<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>8<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/mhamed-ali-el-aroui-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"mhamed-ali el-aroui\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-3\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Mhamed-Ali-EL-Aroui-1-150x150.png\" alt=\"Mhamed-Ali EL-AROUI\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Mhamed-Ali EL-AROUI<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/mhamed-ali-el-aroui\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"mhamed-ali el-aroui\"\n                   data-org=\"universit\u00e9 internationale de rabat\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-7\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Mhamed-Ali-EL-Aroui-1-150x150.png\" alt=\"Mhamed-Ali EL-Aroui\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Mhamed-Ali EL-Aroui<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Universit\u00e9 internationale de Rabat<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/michel-cahen-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"michel cahen\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-1\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Michel-Cahen-150x150.png\" alt=\"Michel Cahen\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Michel Cahen<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/michel-cahen-1\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"michel cahen\"\n                   data-org=\"cnrs et sciences po bordeaux\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-0\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Michel-Cahen-150x150.png\" alt=\"Michel Cahen\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Michel Cahen<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>CNRS et Sciences Po Bordeaux<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/minata-sarr-1\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"minata sarr\"\n                   data-org=\"universit\u00e9 num\u00e9rique cheikh hamidou kane (ex uvs)\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-1\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Minata-Sarr--150x150.png\" alt=\"Minata Sarr\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Minata Sarr<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Universit\u00e9 num\u00e9rique Cheikh Hamidou KANE (Ex UVS)<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/minata-sarr-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"minata sarr\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-6\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Minata-Sarr--150x150.png\" alt=\"Minata Sarr\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Minata Sarr<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>4<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/mjiba-frehiwot\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"mjiba frehiwot\"\n                   data-org=\"university of ghana\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-2\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Mjiba-Frehiwot--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Mjiba Frehiwot\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Mjiba Frehiwot<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>University of Ghana<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/mjiba-frehiwot-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"mjiba frehiwot\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-6\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Mjiba-Frehiwot--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Mjiba Frehiwot\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Mjiba Frehiwot<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/mohamed-fares\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"mohamed fares\"\n                   data-org=\"universit\u00e9 de tunis\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-3\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Mohamed-Fares--150x150.png\" alt=\"Mohamed Fares\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Mohamed Fares<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Universit\u00e9 de Tunis<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/mohamed-fares-1\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"mohamed fares\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-0\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Mohamed-Fares--150x150.png\" alt=\"Mohamed Fares\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Mohamed Fares<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/mohammed-hassan\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"mohammed hassan\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-1\">\n                                                        MH                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Mohammed Hassan<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>1<\/strong>\n                            article                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/morgane-gonon\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"morgane gonon\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-3\">\n                                                        MG                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Morgane Gonon<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>1<\/strong>\n                            article                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/moudjabou-adam-1\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"moudjabou adam\"\n                   data-org=\"ong waxangari labs\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-4\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Moudjabou-Adam--150x150.png\" alt=\"Moudjabou Adam\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Moudjabou Adam<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>ONG Waxangari Labs<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/moudjabou-adam-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"moudjabou adam\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-1\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Moudjabou-Adam--150x150.png\" alt=\"Moudjabou Adam\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Moudjabou Adam<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/mouhamed-koudous-alao-amoussa-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"mouhamed koudous alao amoussa\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-2\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Mouhamed-Koudous-Alao-Amoussa--150x150.png\" alt=\"Mouhamed Koudous Alao Amoussa\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Mouhamed Koudous Alao Amoussa<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/mouhamed-koudous-alao-amoussa-1\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"mouhamed koudous alao amoussa\"\n                   data-org=\"universit\u00e9 cheikh anta diop\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-5\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Mouhamed-Koudous-Alao-Amoussa--150x150.png\" alt=\"Mouhamed Koudous Alao Amoussa\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Mouhamed Koudous Alao Amoussa<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Universit\u00e9 Cheikh Anta Diop<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/mouhammad-dieng\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"mouhammad dieng\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-3\">\n                                                        MD                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Mouhammad Dieng<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>1<\/strong>\n                            article                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/moussa-coulibaly-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"moussa coulibaly\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-5\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Moussa-Coulibaly--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Moussa Coulibaly\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Moussa Coulibaly<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/moussa-coulibaly\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"moussa coulibaly\"\n                   data-org=\"groupe de recherche en \u00e9conomie appliqu\u00e9e et th\u00e9orique (great)\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-6\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Moussa-Coulibaly--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Moussa Coulibaly\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Moussa Coulibaly<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Groupe de recherche en \u00e9conomie appliqu\u00e9e et th\u00e9orique (GREAT)<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/moye-eric-kongnso-1\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"moye eric kongnso\"\n                   data-org=\"university of dschang\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-7\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/MOYE-Eric-KONGNSO-150x150.png\" alt=\"Moye Eric Kongnso\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Moye Eric Kongnso<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>University of Dschang<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/moye-eric-kongnso-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"moye eric kongnso\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-3\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/MOYE-Eric-KONGNSO-150x150.png\" alt=\"Moye Eric Kongnso\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Moye Eric Kongnso<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                <div class=\"gau-letter-group\" id=\"gau-group-N\" data-letter=\"N\">\n            <div class=\"gau-letter-anchor\">\n                <h2>N<\/h2>\n                <div class=\"gau-letter-line\"><\/div>\n                <span class=\"gau-letter-count\">13 auteurs<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"gau-grid\">\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/ngone-fall\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"n\u2019gon\u00e9 fall\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-5\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/photo-150x150.webp\" alt=\"N\u2019Gon\u00e9 Fall\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">N\u2019Gon\u00e9 Fall<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/ngone-fall-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"n\u2019gon\u00e9 fall\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-3\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/photo-150x150.webp\" alt=\"N\u2019Gon\u00e9 Fall\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">N\u2019Gon\u00e9 Fall<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/nadine-machikou-1\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"nadine machikou\"\n                   data-org=\"universit\u00e9 de dschang\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-0\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Nadine-Machikou--150x150.png\" alt=\"Nadine Machikou\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Nadine Machikou<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Universit\u00e9 de Dschang<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/nadine-machikou-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"nadine machikou\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-4\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Nadine-Machikou--150x150.png\" alt=\"Nadine Machikou\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Nadine Machikou<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/nathalie-nakabanda-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"nathalie nakabanda\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-0\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Nathalie-Nakabanda-150x150.png\" alt=\"Nathalie Nakabanda\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Nathalie Nakabanda<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/nathalie-nakabanda-1\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"nathalie nakabanda\"\n                   data-org=\"universit\u00e9 catholique de bukavu\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-1\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Nathalie-Nakabanda-150x150.png\" alt=\"Nathalie Nakabanda\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Nathalie Nakabanda<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Universit\u00e9 catholique de Bukavu<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/nathanael-assam-otyaa-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"nathana\u00ebl assam otya\u2019a\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-5\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Nathanael-Assam-Otyaa--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Nathana\u00ebl Assam Otya\u2019a\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Nathana\u00ebl Assam Otya\u2019a<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/nathanael-assam-otyaa\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"nathana\u00ebl assam otya\u2019a\"\n                   data-org=\"\u00c9cole normale sup\u00e9rieure de bertoua, centre de recherche sur les dynamiques des mondes contemporains (cerdym)\"\n                   data-country=\"Centre de recherche sur les dynamiques des mondes contemporains (Cerdym)\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-2\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Nathanael-Assam-Otyaa--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Nathana\u00ebl Assam Otya\u2019a\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Nathana\u00ebl Assam Otya\u2019a<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>\u00c9cole normale sup\u00e9rieure de Bertoua, Centre de recherche sur les dynamiques des mondes contemporains (Cerdym)<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"gau-country\">Centre de recherche sur les dynamiques des mondes contemporains (Cerdym)<\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/ndeye-astou-ndiaye-1\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"nd\u00e8ye astou ndiaye\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-1\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Ndeye-Astou-Ndiaye--150x150.webp\" alt=\"Nd\u00e8ye Astou Ndiaye\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Nd\u00e8ye Astou Ndiaye<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/ndeye-astou-ndiaye\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"nd\u00e8ye astou ndiaye\"\n                   data-org=\"universit\u00e9 cheikh anta diop\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-3\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Ndeye-Astou-Ndiaye--150x150.webp\" alt=\"Nd\u00e8ye Astou Ndiaye\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Nd\u00e8ye Astou Ndiaye<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Universit\u00e9 Cheikh Anta Diop<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/ndeye-laity-ndiaye-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"nd\u00e8ye la\u00efty ndiaye\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-7\">\n                                                        NN                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Nd\u00e8ye La\u00efty Ndiaye<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/noemi-tousignant-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"no\u00e9mi tousignant\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-5\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Noemi-Tousignant--150x150.png\" alt=\"No\u00e9mi Tousignant\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">No\u00e9mi Tousignant<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>3<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/noemi-tousignant\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"no\u00e9mi tousignant\"\n                   data-org=\"london\u2019s global university\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-4\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Noemi-Tousignant--150x150.png\" alt=\"No\u00e9mi Tousignant\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">No\u00e9mi Tousignant<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>London\u2019s Global University<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                <div class=\"gau-letter-group\" id=\"gau-group-O\" data-letter=\"O\">\n            <div class=\"gau-letter-anchor\">\n                <h2>O<\/h2>\n                <div class=\"gau-letter-line\"><\/div>\n                <span class=\"gau-letter-count\">7 auteurs<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"gau-grid\">\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/olawale-akinrinde\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"olawale akinrinde\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-7\">\n                                                        OA                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Olawale Akinrinde<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>1<\/strong>\n                            article                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/olivia-bertelli\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"olivia bertelli\"\n                   data-org=\"universit\u00e9 paris-dauphine\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-7\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Olivia-Bertelli--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Olivia Bertelli\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Olivia Bertelli<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Universit\u00e9 Paris-Dauphine<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/olivia-bertelli-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"olivia bertelli\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-6\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Olivia-Bertelli--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Olivia Bertelli\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Olivia Bertelli<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/omar-dieng-1\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"omar dieng\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-2\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Omar-Dieng--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Omar Dieng\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Omar Dieng<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/omar-dieng\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"omar dieng\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-0\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Omar-Dieng--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Omar Dieng\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Omar Dieng<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/ousmane-z-traore\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"ousmane z. traore\"\n                   data-org=\"universit\u00e9 laval\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-1\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Ousmane-Z.-Traore--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Ousmane Z. Traore\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Ousmane Z. Traore<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Universit\u00e9 Laval<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/ousmane-z-traore-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"ousmane z. traore\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-7\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Ousmane-Z.-Traore--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Ousmane Z. Traore\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Ousmane Z. Traore<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                <div class=\"gau-letter-group\" id=\"gau-group-P\" data-letter=\"P\">\n            <div class=\"gau-letter-anchor\">\n                <h2>P<\/h2>\n                <div class=\"gau-letter-line\"><\/div>\n                <span class=\"gau-letter-count\">12 auteurs<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"gau-grid\">\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/paliguewinde-martin-sawadogo-1\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"paliguewinde martin sawadogo\"\n                   data-org=\"universit\u00e9 laval\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-2\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Paliguewinde-Martin-Sawadogo--150x150.png\" alt=\"Paliguewinde Martin Sawadogo\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Paliguewinde Martin Sawadogo<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Universit\u00e9 Laval<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/paliguewinde-martin-sawadogo-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"paliguewinde martin sawadogo\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-5\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Paliguewinde-Martin-Sawadogo--150x150.png\" alt=\"Paliguewinde Martin Sawadogo\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Paliguewinde Martin Sawadogo<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/pamela-tulizo-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"pamela tulizo\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-5\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Pamela-Tulizo--150x150.png\" alt=\"Pamela Tulizo\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Pamela Tulizo<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/pamela-tulizo-1\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"pamela tulizo\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-3\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Pamela-Tulizo--150x150.png\" alt=\"Pamela Tulizo\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Pamela Tulizo<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/patrick-h-moneyang-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"patrick h. moneyang\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-1\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Patrick-H.-Moneyang--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Patrick H. Moneyang\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Patrick H. Moneyang<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/patrick-h-moneyang\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"patrick h. moneyang\"\n                   data-org=\"pacific lutheran university, tacoma\"\n                   data-country=\"Tacoma\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-4\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Patrick-H.-Moneyang--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Patrick H. Moneyang\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Patrick H. Moneyang<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Pacific Lutheran University, Tacoma<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"gau-country\">Tacoma<\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/philippe-cury\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"philippe cury\"\n                   data-org=\"institut de recherche pour le d\u00e9veloppement\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-5\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Philippe-Cury--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Philippe Cury\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Philippe Cury<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Institut de Recherche pour le D\u00e9veloppement<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/philippe-cury-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"philippe cury\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-7\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Philippe-Cury--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Philippe Cury\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Philippe Cury<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/philippe-lavigne-delville-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"philippe lavigne delville\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-2\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/photo-150x150.webp\" alt=\"Philippe Lavigne Delville\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Philippe Lavigne Delville<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/pius-tanga\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"pius tanga\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-2\">\n                                                        PT                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Pius Tanga<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/pon-jean-baptiste-coulibaly\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"pon jean-baptiste coulibaly\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-2\">\n                                                        PC                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Pon Jean-Baptiste Coulibaly<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>1<\/strong>\n                            article                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/prisca-helene-assiene-bissossoli\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"prisca h\u00e9l\u00e8ne assiene bissossoli\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-7\">\n                                                        PB                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Prisca H\u00e9l\u00e8ne Assiene Bissossoli<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>1<\/strong>\n                            article                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                <div class=\"gau-letter-group\" id=\"gau-group-R\" data-letter=\"R\">\n            <div class=\"gau-letter-anchor\">\n                <h2>R<\/h2>\n                <div class=\"gau-letter-line\"><\/div>\n                <span class=\"gau-letter-count\">13 auteurs<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"gau-grid\">\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/rachid-id-yassine-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"rachid id yassine\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-6\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Rachid-Id-Yassine--150x150.png\" alt=\"Rachid Id Yassine\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Rachid Id Yassine<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/rachid-id-yassine\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"rachid id yassine\"\n                   data-org=\"universit\u00e9 gaston berger\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-6\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Rachid-Id-Yassine--150x150.png\" alt=\"Rachid Id Yassine\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Rachid Id Yassine<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Universit\u00e9 Gaston Berger<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/ramane-kabore-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"raman\u00e9 kabor\u00e9\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-3\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Ramane-Kabore--150x150.png\" alt=\"Raman\u00e9 Kabor\u00e9\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Raman\u00e9 Kabor\u00e9<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/ramane-kabore\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"raman\u00e9 kabor\u00e9\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-7\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Ramane-Kabore--150x150.png\" alt=\"Raman\u00e9 Kabor\u00e9\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Raman\u00e9 Kabor\u00e9<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/reda-benkirane\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"reda benkirane\"\n                   data-org=\"universit\u00e9 mohamed vi polytechnique\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-0\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Reda-Benkirane--150x150.jpeg\" alt=\"Reda Benkirane\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Reda Benkirane<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Universit\u00e9 Mohamed VI Polytechnique<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/reda-benkirane-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"reda benkirane\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-1\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Reda-Benkirane--150x150.jpeg\" alt=\"Reda Benkirane\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Reda Benkirane<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/rigobert-minani-bihuzo\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"rigobert minani bihuzo\"\n                   data-org=\"universit\u00e9 loyola du congo\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-1\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Rigobert-Minani-Bihuzo--150x150.png\" alt=\"Rigobert Minani Bihuzo\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Rigobert Minani Bihuzo<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Universit\u00e9 Loyola du Congo<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/rigobert-minani-bihuzo-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"rigobert minani bihuzo\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-0\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Rigobert-Minani-Bihuzo--150x150.png\" alt=\"Rigobert Minani Bihuzo\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Rigobert Minani Bihuzo<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/rodrick-henry-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"rodrick henry\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-7\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Rodrick-Henry--150x150.png\" alt=\"Rodrick Henry\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Rodrick Henry<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/rodrick-henry\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"rodrick henry\"\n                   data-org=\"university of dar es salaam\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-2\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Rodrick-Henry--150x150.png\" alt=\"Rodrick Henry\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Rodrick Henry<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>University of Dar es Salaam<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/rodrigue-fulbert-adjimehossou\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"rodrigue fulbert adjimehossou\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-0\">\n                                                        RA                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Rodrigue Fulbert Adjimehossou<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>1<\/strong>\n                            article                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/ruth-vanie\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"ruth vani\u00e9\"\n                   data-org=\"universit\u00e9 f\u00e9lix houphou\u00ebt-boigny\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-3\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Ruth-Vanie--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Ruth Vani\u00e9\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Ruth Vani\u00e9<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Universit\u00e9 F\u00e9lix Houphou\u00ebt-Boigny<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/ruth-vanie-2\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"ruth vani\u00e9\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-5\">\n                                                        RV                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Ruth Vani\u00e9<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>1<\/strong>\n                            article                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                <div class=\"gau-letter-group\" id=\"gau-group-S\" data-letter=\"S\">\n            <div class=\"gau-letter-anchor\">\n                <h2>S<\/h2>\n                <div class=\"gau-letter-line\"><\/div>\n                <span class=\"gau-letter-count\">17 auteurs<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"gau-grid\">\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/samson-abiola-akanni\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"samson abiola akanni\"\n                   data-org=\"bowling green state university\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-4\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Samson-Abiola-Akanni--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Samson Abiola Akanni\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Samson Abiola Akanni<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Bowling Green State University<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/samson-akanni\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"samson akanni\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-3\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Samson-Abiola-Akanni--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Samson Akanni\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Samson Akanni<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/sandrine-mesple-somps\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"sandrine mespl\u00e9-somps\"\n                   data-org=\"institut de recherche pour le d\u00e9veloppement\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-5\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Sandrine-Mesple-Somps--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Sandrine Mespl\u00e9-Somps\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Sandrine Mespl\u00e9-Somps<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Institut de Recherche pour le D\u00e9veloppement<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/sandrine-mesple-somps-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"sandrine mespl\u00e9-somps\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-0\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Sandrine-Mesple-Somps--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Sandrine Mespl\u00e9-Somps\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Sandrine Mespl\u00e9-Somps<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/sara-mejdoubi\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"sara mejdoubi\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-6\">\n                                                        SM                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Sara Mejdoubi<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/silvain-landry-birane-faye-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"silvain landry birane faye\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-4\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Sylvain-Landry-Birane-Faye--150x150.png\" alt=\"Silvain Landry Birane Faye\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Silvain Landry Birane Faye<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/silvio-marcus-de-souza-correa\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"s\u00edlvio marcus de souza correa\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-6\">\n                                                        SC                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">S\u00edlvio Marcus de Souza Correa<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>1<\/strong>\n                            article                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/souleymane-ndiaye\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"souleymane ndiaye\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-6\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/photo-150x150.webp\" alt=\"Souleymane Ndiaye\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Souleymane Ndiaye<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/souleymane-ndiaye-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"souleymane ndiaye\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-4\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/photo-150x150.webp\" alt=\"Souleymane Ndiaye\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Souleymane Ndiaye<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/stephanie-kitchen\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"stephanie kitchen\"\n                   data-org=\"university of london\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-7\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Stephanie-Kitchen--150x150.png\" alt=\"Stephanie Kitchen\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Stephanie Kitchen<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>University of London<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/stephanie-kitchen-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"stephanie kitchen\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-5\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Stephanie-Kitchen--150x150.png\" alt=\"Stephanie Kitchen\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Stephanie Kitchen<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/sylvain-landry-birane-faye-1\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"sylvain landry birane faye\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-3\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Sylvain-Landry-Birane-Faye--150x150.png\" alt=\"Sylvain Landry Birane Faye\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Sylvain Landry Birane Faye<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/sylvain-landry-birane-faye\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"sylvain landry birane faye\"\n                   data-org=\"universit\u00e9 cheikh anta diop\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-0\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Sylvain-Landry-Birane-Faye--150x150.png\" alt=\"Sylvain Landry Birane Faye\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Sylvain Landry Birane Faye<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Universit\u00e9 Cheikh Anta Diop<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/sylvia-becerra-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"sylvia becerra\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-7\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Sylvia-Becerra--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Sylvia Becerra\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Sylvia Becerra<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/sylvia-becerra\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"sylvia becerra\"\n                   data-org=\"cnrs\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-1\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Sylvia-Becerra--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Sylvia Becerra\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Sylvia Becerra<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>CNRS<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/sylvie-ayimpam\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"sylvie ayimpam\"\n                   data-org=\"aix-marseille universit\u00e9\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-2\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Sylvie-Ayimpam--150x150.png\" alt=\"Sylvie Ayimpam\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Sylvie Ayimpam<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Aix-Marseille Universit\u00e9<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/sylvie-ayimpam-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"sylvie ayimpam\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-7\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Sylvie-Ayimpam--150x150.png\" alt=\"Sylvie Ayimpam\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Sylvie Ayimpam<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                <div class=\"gau-letter-group\" id=\"gau-group-T\" data-letter=\"T\">\n            <div class=\"gau-letter-anchor\">\n                <h2>T<\/h2>\n                <div class=\"gau-letter-line\"><\/div>\n                <span class=\"gau-letter-count\">12 auteurs<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"gau-grid\">\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/temitayo-alice-onifade\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"temitayo alice onifade\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-1\">\n                                                        TO                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Temitayo Alice Onifade<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>1<\/strong>\n                            article                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/thobeka-nkomo\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"thobeka nkomo\"\n                   data-org=\"university of the witwatersrand\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"ph.d. in social work\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-0\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Thobeka-Nkomo-150x150.webp\" alt=\"Thobeka Nkomo\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Thobeka Nkomo<\/div>\n                                                        <div class=\"gau-role\">Ph.D. in Social Work<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>University of the Witwatersrand<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/thomas-calvo\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"thomas calvo\"\n                   data-org=\"institut de recherche pour le d\u00e9veloppement\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-3\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Thomas-Calvo--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Thomas Calvo\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Thomas Calvo<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Institut de Recherche pour le D\u00e9veloppement<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/thomas-calvo-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"thomas calvo\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-1\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Thomas-Calvo--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Thomas Calvo\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Thomas Calvo<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/tiewende-jean-balima\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"ti\u00e9wend\u00e9 jean balima\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-0\">\n                                                        TB                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Ti\u00e9wend\u00e9 Jean Balima<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>1<\/strong>\n                            article                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/titilayo-shakirat-folarori\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"titilayo shakirat folarori\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-0\">\n                                                        TF                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Titilayo Shakirat Folarori<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>1<\/strong>\n                            article                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/todd-leedy-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"todd leedy\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-5\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Todd-Leedy--150x150.png\" alt=\"Todd Leedy\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Todd Leedy<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/todd-leedy\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"todd leedy\"\n                   data-org=\"universit\u00e9 de floride\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-4\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Todd-Leedy--150x150.png\" alt=\"Todd Leedy\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Todd Leedy<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Universit\u00e9 de Floride<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/toluwase-asubiaro-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"toluwase asubiaro\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-2\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Toluwase-Asubiaro--150x150.png\" alt=\"Toluwase Asubiaro\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Toluwase Asubiaro<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/toluwase-asubiaro\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"toluwase asubiaro\"\n                   data-org=\"university of western ontario\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-5\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Toluwase-Asubiaro--150x150.png\" alt=\"Toluwase Asubiaro\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Toluwase Asubiaro<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>University of Western Ontario<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/toussaint-kafarhire-murhula\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"toussaint kafarhire murhula\"\n                   data-org=\"universit\u00e9 loyola du congo\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-6\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Toussaint-Kafarhire-Murhula--150x150.png\" alt=\"Toussaint Kafarhire Murhula\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Toussaint Kafarhire Murhula<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Universit\u00e9 Loyola du Congo<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/toussaint-kafarhire-murhula-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"toussaint kafarhire murhula\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-7\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Toussaint-Kafarhire-Murhula--150x150.png\" alt=\"Toussaint Kafarhire Murhula\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Toussaint Kafarhire Murhula<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>7<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                <div class=\"gau-letter-group\" id=\"gau-group-U\" data-letter=\"U\">\n            <div class=\"gau-letter-anchor\">\n                <h2>U<\/h2>\n                <div class=\"gau-letter-line\"><\/div>\n                <span class=\"gau-letter-count\">2 auteurs<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"gau-grid\">\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/uchenna-okeja-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"uchenna okeja\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-6\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Uchenna-Okeja--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Uchenna Okeja\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Uchenna Okeja<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/uchenna-okeja\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"uchenna okeja\"\n                   data-org=\"universit\u00e9 de rhodes\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-7\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Uchenna-Okeja--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Uchenna Okeja\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Uchenna Okeja<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Universit\u00e9 de Rhodes<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                <div class=\"gau-letter-group\" id=\"gau-group-V\" data-letter=\"V\">\n            <div class=\"gau-letter-anchor\">\n                <h2>V<\/h2>\n                <div class=\"gau-letter-line\"><\/div>\n                <span class=\"gau-letter-count\">2 auteurs<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"gau-grid\">\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/veronique-yoboue\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"v\u00e9ronique yobou\u00e9\"\n                   data-org=\"universit\u00e9 f\u00e9lix-houphou\u00ebt-boigny\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-0\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Veronique-Yoboue--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"V\u00e9ronique Yobou\u00e9\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">V\u00e9ronique Yobou\u00e9<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Universit\u00e9 F\u00e9lix-Houphou\u00ebt-Boigny<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/veronique-yoboue-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"v\u00e9ronique yobou\u00e9\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-0\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Veronique-Yoboue--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"V\u00e9ronique Yobou\u00e9\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">V\u00e9ronique Yobou\u00e9<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                <div class=\"gau-letter-group\" id=\"gau-group-W\" data-letter=\"W\">\n            <div class=\"gau-letter-anchor\">\n                <h2>W<\/h2>\n                <div class=\"gau-letter-line\"><\/div>\n                <span class=\"gau-letter-count\">5 auteurs<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"gau-grid\">\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/walter-mignolo\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"walter mignolo\"\n                   data-org=\"universit\u00e9 de duke\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-1\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Walter-Mignolo--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Walter Mignolo\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Walter Mignolo<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Universit\u00e9 de Duke<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/walter-mignolo-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"walter mignolo\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-5\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Walter-Mignolo--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Walter Mignolo\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Walter Mignolo<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/william-nkoawo-fedoung-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"william nkoawo fedoung\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-1\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/William-Nkoawo-Fedoung--150x150.png\" alt=\"William Nkoawo Fedoung\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">William Nkoawo Fedoung<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/william-nkoawo-fedoung-1\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"william nkoawo fedoung\"\n                   data-org=\"orange cameroun\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-2\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/William-Nkoawo-Fedoung--150x150.png\" alt=\"William Nkoawo Fedoung\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">William Nkoawo Fedoung<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Orange Cameroun<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/wondu-argaw-yimam\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"wondu argaw yimam\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-0\">\n                                                        WY                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Wondu Argaw Yimam<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>1<\/strong>\n                            article                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                <div class=\"gau-letter-group\" id=\"gau-group-Y\" data-letter=\"Y\">\n            <div class=\"gau-letter-anchor\">\n                <h2>Y<\/h2>\n                <div class=\"gau-letter-line\"><\/div>\n                <span class=\"gau-letter-count\">9 auteurs<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"gau-grid\">\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/yacouba-tengueri-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"yacouba tengueri\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-5\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/photo-150x150.webp\" alt=\"Yacouba Tengueri\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Yacouba Tengueri<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/yacouba-tengueri\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"yacouba tengueri\"\n                   data-org=\"universit\u00e9 joseph ki-zerbo\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-3\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/photo-150x150.webp\" alt=\"Yacouba Tengueri\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Yacouba Tengueri<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Universit\u00e9 Joseph Ki-Zerbo<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/yasmine-belhadi-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"yasmine belhadi\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-1\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Yasmine-Belhadi--150x150.png\" alt=\"Yasmine Belhadi\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Yasmine Belhadi<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/yasmine-belhadi\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"yasmine belhadi\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-4\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Yasmine-Belhadi--150x150.png\" alt=\"Yasmine Belhadi\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Yasmine Belhadi<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/yousra-hamdaoui\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"yousra hamdaoui\"\n                   data-org=\"mohamedia [university hassan ii casablanca]\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-5\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Yousra-Hamdaoui--150x150.png\" alt=\"Yousra Hamdaoui\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Yousra Hamdaoui<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Mohamedia [University Hassan II Casablanca]<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/yousra-hamdaoui-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"yousra hamdaoui\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-0\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Yousra-Hamdaoui--150x150.png\" alt=\"Yousra Hamdaoui\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Yousra Hamdaoui<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/yvan-hyannick-obah\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"yvan hyannick obah\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-3\">\n                                                        YO                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Yvan Hyannick Obah<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>1<\/strong>\n                            article                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/yvan-renou\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"yvan renou\"\n                   data-org=\"universit\u00e9 de grenoble\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-6\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Yvan-Renou--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Yvan Renou\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Yvan Renou<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Universit\u00e9 de Grenoble<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/yvan-renou-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"yvan renou\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-0\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Yvan-Renou-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Yvan Renou\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Yvan Renou<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                <div class=\"gau-letter-group\" id=\"gau-group-Z\" data-letter=\"Z\">\n            <div class=\"gau-letter-anchor\">\n                <h2>Z<\/h2>\n                <div class=\"gau-letter-line\"><\/div>\n                <span class=\"gau-letter-count\">4 auteurs<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"gau-grid\">\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/zakaria-sore\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"zakaria sor\u00e9\"\n                   data-org=\"universit\u00e9 joseph ki-zerbo\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-7\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Zakaria-Sore--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Zakaria Sor\u00e9\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Zakaria Sor\u00e9<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Universit\u00e9 Joseph Ki-Zerbo<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>0<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/zakaria-sore-fr\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"zakaria sor\u00e9\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-6\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Zakaria-Sore--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Zakaria Sor\u00e9\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Zakaria Sor\u00e9<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/zeinaba-kane\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"zeinaba kane\"\n                   data-org=\"\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-4\">\n                                                        ZK                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Zeinaba Kane<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>1<\/strong>\n                            article                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author\/zintle-ntshongwana-1\/\"\n                   class=\"gau-card\"\n                   data-name=\"zintle ntshongwana\"\n                   data-org=\"universit\u00e9 du witwatersrand\"\n                   data-country=\"\"\n                   data-role=\"charg\u00e9e de cours\">\n\n                    <div class=\"gau-card-top\">\n                        <div class=\"gau-avatar gau-av-7\">\n                                                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Zintle-Ntshongwana--150x150.png\" alt=\"Zintle Ntshongwana\">\n                                                    <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"gau-name-block\">\n                            <div class=\"gau-name\">Zintle Ntshongwana<\/div>\n                                                        <div class=\"gau-role\">charg\u00e9e de cours<\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                        <div class=\"gau-uni\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-uni-icon\">\n                            <svg width=\"10\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\"><path d=\"M22 10v6M2 10l10-5 10 5-10 5z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12v5c3 3 9 3 12 0v-5\"\/><\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                        <span>Universit\u00e9 du Witwatersrand<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"gau-card-footer\">\n                        <span class=\"gau-articles-chip\">\n                            <strong>2<\/strong>\n                            articles                        <\/span>\n                        <span class=\"gau-arrow\">\u2192<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        \n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- \u2550\u2550 BOTTOM CTA \u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550 -->\n    <section class=\"gau-cta\">\n        <div class=\"gau-cta-eyebrow\">Rejoignez notre communaut\u00e9<\/div>\n        <h3>Devenez auteur contributeur<\/h3>\n        <p>Nous acceptons les candidatures d&#039;universitaires de toute l&#039;Afrique et de sa diaspora dans quatre langues.<\/p>\n        <div class=\"gau-cta-group\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/globalafricajournal.org\/register\" class=\"gau-btn-primary\">Soumettre un article \u2192<\/a>\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/author-guidelines\/\" class=\"gau-btn-outline\">Lignes directrices pour les auteurs<\/a>\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/editorial-board\/\" class=\"gau-btn-outline\">Comit\u00e9 de r\u00e9daction<\/a>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n   \n    <script>\n    \/\/ \u2550\u2550 PASSER LES CHA\u00ceNES TRADUITES AU JS \u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\n    var gauL10n = {\n        showing: \"Affichage\",\n        of: \"de\",\n        authors: \"auteurs\"    };\n\n    (function() {\n\n        \/\/ \u2500\u2500 Filtre alphab\u00e9tique \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\n        window.gauSetAlpha = function(btn, letter) {\n            document.querySelectorAll('.gau-alpha-btn:not(.disabled)').forEach(function(b) {\n                b.classList.remove('active');\n            });\n            btn.classList.add('active');\n            document.querySelectorAll('.gau-letter-group').forEach(function(g) {\n                if (letter === 'all') {\n                    g.style.display = '';\n                } else {\n                    g.style.display = (g.dataset.letter === letter) ? '' : 'none';\n                }\n            });\n            gauUpdateCount();\n        };\n\n        \/\/ \u2500\u2500 Filtre recherche + pays \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\n        window.gauFilter = function() {\n            var q       = (document.getElementById('gau-search').value || '').toLowerCase().trim();\n            var country = (document.getElementById('gau-country-filter').value || '').toLowerCase();\n\n            \/\/ Reset alpha\n            document.querySelectorAll('.gau-alpha-btn').forEach(function(b) { b.classList.remove('active'); });\n            var allBtn = document.querySelector('.gau-alpha-btn');\n            if (allBtn) allBtn.classList.add('active');\n\n            var totalVisible = 0;\n\n            document.querySelectorAll('.gau-letter-group').forEach(function(group) {\n                var grid  = group.querySelector('.gau-grid');\n                var cards = Array.from(group.querySelectorAll('.gau-card'));\n                var groupVisible = 0;\n\n                \/\/ \u2500\u2500 Calculer score pour chaque carte \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\n                var scored = cards.map(function(card) {\n                    var name  = card.dataset.name  || '';\n                    var org   = card.dataset.org   || '';\n                    var role  = card.dataset.role  || '';\n                    var cntry = (card.dataset.country || '').toLowerCase();\n\n                    var matchC = !country || cntry.includes(country);\n                    var score  = 0;\n\n                    if (q) {\n                        if (name === q)              score += 100;\n                        if (name.startsWith(q))      score += 80;\n\n                        name.split(' ').forEach(function(part) {\n                            if (part.startsWith(q))  score += 60;\n                        });\n\n                        if (score === 0 && name.includes(q))        score += 30;\n                        if (org.startsWith(q))                      score += 20;\n                        if (role.startsWith(q))                     score += 20;\n                        if (score < 20 && org.includes(q))          score += 10;\n                        if (score < 20 && role.includes(q))         score += 10;\n                    }\n\n                    var visible = matchC && (!q || score > 0);\n                    return { card: card, score: score, visible: visible };\n                });\n\n                \/\/ \u2500\u2500 Trier par score d\u00e9croissant \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\n                if (q) {\n                    scored.sort(function(a, b) { return b.score - a.score; });\n                }\n\n                \/\/ \u2500\u2500 R\u00e9injecter dans le DOM dans le bon ordre \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\n                scored.forEach(function(item) {\n                    item.card.style.display = item.visible ? '' : 'none';\n                    if (item.visible) { groupVisible++; totalVisible++; }\n                    grid.appendChild(item.card); \/\/ d\u00e9place en fin = tri physique\n                });\n\n                group.style.display = groupVisible > 0 ? '' : 'none';\n            });\n\n            var noRes = document.getElementById('gau-no-results');\n            if (noRes) noRes.classList.toggle('visible', totalVisible === 0);\n\n            var countEl = document.getElementById('gau-count');\n            if (countEl) {\n                countEl.innerHTML = gauL10n.showing + ' <strong>' + totalVisible + '<\/strong> ' + gauL10n.of + ' 327 ' + gauL10n.authors;\n            }\n        };\n\n        function gauUpdateCount() {\n            var visible = 0;\n            document.querySelectorAll('.gau-card').forEach(function(c) {\n                if (c.style.display !== 'none') visible++;\n            });\n            var countEl = document.getElementById('gau-count');\n            if (countEl) {\n                countEl.innerHTML = gauL10n.showing + ' <strong>' + visible + '<\/strong> ' + gauL10n.of + ' 327 ' + gauL10n.authors;\n            }\n        }\n\n    })();\n    <\/script>\n\n    <\/div><!-- .gau-wrap -->\n    <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Objectifs et port\u00e9e Ligne \u00e9ditoriale Comit\u00e9s &amp; \u00e9quipe R\u00e9f\u00e9rencement &amp; indexation Appels et calendrier Soumission Libre acc\u00e8s Droit d&rsquo;auteur &amp; licence \u00c9thique &amp; qualit\u00e9 Num\u00e9ros Auteurs Fils iconographiques<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":50,"featured_media":0,"parent":8637,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"footnotes":""},"folder":[],"class_list":["post-11025","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Auteurs | Global Africa<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Professeurs, historiens, politologues, sociologues\u2026 Les auteurs de Global Africa interrogent le monde \u00e0 travers le prisme du savoir africain.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/journal\/authors\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Auteurs | Global Africa\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Professeurs, historiens, politologues, sociologues\u2026 Les auteurs de Global Africa interrogent le monde \u00e0 travers le prisme du savoir africain.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/journal\/authors\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Global Africa\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/globalafricasciences\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-05-03T22:07:45+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.globalafricasciences.org\\\/journal\\\/authors\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.globalafricasciences.org\\\/journal\\\/authors\\\/\",\"name\":\"Auteurs | Global Africa\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.globalafricasciences.org\\\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2025-03-09T15:07:19+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-05-03T22:07:45+00:00\",\"description\":\"Professeurs, historiens, politologues, sociologues\u2026 Les auteurs de Global Africa interrogent le monde \u00e0 travers le prisme du savoir africain.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.globalafricasciences.org\\\/journal\\\/authors\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.globalafricasciences.org\\\/journal\\\/authors\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.globalafricasciences.org\\\/journal\\\/authors\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.globalafricasciences.org\\\/fr\\\/accueil\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Revue\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.globalafricasciences.org\\\/journal\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"Auteurs\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.globalafricasciences.org\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.globalafricasciences.org\\\/\",\"name\":\"Global Africa\",\"description\":\"Pan-African Scientific Journal\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.globalafricasciences.org\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.globalafricasciences.org\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.globalafricasciences.org\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Global Africa\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.globalafricasciences.org\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.globalafricasciences.org\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.globalafricasciences.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/12\\\/Globalafrica.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.globalafricasciences.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/12\\\/Globalafrica.png\",\"width\":1680,\"height\":750,\"caption\":\"Global Africa\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.globalafricasciences.org\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.facebook.com\\\/globalafricasciences\"]}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Auteurs | Global Africa","description":"Professeurs, historiens, politologues, sociologues\u2026 Les auteurs de Global Africa interrogent le monde \u00e0 travers le prisme du savoir africain.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/journal\/authors\/","og_locale":"fr_FR","og_type":"article","og_title":"Auteurs | Global Africa","og_description":"Professeurs, historiens, politologues, sociologues\u2026 Les auteurs de Global Africa interrogent le monde \u00e0 travers le prisme du savoir africain.","og_url":"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/journal\/authors\/","og_site_name":"Global Africa","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/globalafricasciences","article_modified_time":"2026-05-03T22:07:45+00:00","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/journal\/authors\/","url":"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/journal\/authors\/","name":"Auteurs | Global Africa","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/#website"},"datePublished":"2025-03-09T15:07:19+00:00","dateModified":"2026-05-03T22:07:45+00:00","description":"Professeurs, historiens, politologues, sociologues\u2026 Les auteurs de Global Africa interrogent le monde \u00e0 travers le prisme du savoir africain.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/journal\/authors\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"fr-FR","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/journal\/authors\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/journal\/authors\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/accueil\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Revue","item":"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/journal\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Auteurs"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/","name":"Global Africa","description":"Pan-African Scientific Journal","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"fr-FR"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/#organization","name":"Global Africa","url":"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"fr-FR","@id":"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Globalafrica.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Globalafrica.png","width":1680,"height":750,"caption":"Global Africa"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/globalafricasciences"]}]}},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/11025","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/50"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11025"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/11025\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":25847,"href":"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/11025\/revisions\/25847"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8637"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11025"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"folder","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.globalafricasciences.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/folder?post=11025"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}